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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
OR
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission
file number: 000-52998
Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(Name of Registrant in Its Charter)
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Delaware |
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45-0567010 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation
or Organization)
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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4225 Executive Square, Suite 485 |
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La Jolla, CA |
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92037 |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
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(Zip Code) |
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (858) 457-5300
Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
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Title of Each Class |
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Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered |
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
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None |
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned filer, as defined in Rule
405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section
13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period
that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of
Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter), is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to
the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by
reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o |
Accelerated filer o |
Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Smaller reporting company þ
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
The aggregate market value of the Common Stock of the registrant (the Common Stock) held by
non-affiliates of the registrant, based on the last sale price of the Common Stock on June 30, 2008
(the last business day of the registrants most recently completed second fiscal quarter) of $1.85
per share as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board, was approximately $17,818,477. Shares of Common
Stock held by each officer and director and by each person who is known by the registrant to own 5%
or more of the outstanding Common Stock, if any, have been excluded in that such persons may be
deemed to be affiliates of the registrant. Share ownership information of certain persons known by
the registrant to own greater than 5% of the outstanding common stock for purposes of the preceding
calculation is based solely on information on Schedules 13D and 13G, if any, filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission and is as of June 30, 2008. This determination of affiliate
status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for any other purposes.
As of March 3, 2009, there were 15,570,184 shares of our Common Stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
None.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain of the statements included in this Form 10-K, including information incorporated by
reference, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, without
limitation, any statement that may predict, forecast, indicate, or imply future results,
performance or achievements, and may contain the words estimate, project, intend, forecast,
anticipate, plan, planning, expect, believe, will, shall, will likely, should,
could, would, may or words or expressions of similar meaning, including when used in the
negative. Forward-looking statements, include, but are not limited to: statements regarding our
research and development programs; proposed marketing and sales; patents and regulatory approvals;
the effect of competition and proprietary rights of third parties; the need for and availability of
additional financing and our access to capital; the trading of our common stock, licensing,
distribution, collaboration and marketing arrangements with pharmaceutical companies; and the
period of time for which our existing cash will enable us to fund our operations. In addition to
the items described in this report under the heading Risk Factors, many important factors, risks
and uncertainties affect our ability to achieve our stated objectives and to successfully develop
and commercialize any product candidates, including, among other things, our ability to: obtain
substantial additional funds, obtain and maintain all necessary patents or licenses, demonstrate
the safety and efficacy of product candidates at each stage of development, meet applicable
regulatory standards and receive required regulatory approvals, meet obligations and required
milestones under agreements, be capable of manufacturing and distributing products in commercial
quantities at reasonable costs, compete successfully against other products and to market products
in a profitable manner. Therefore, prospective investors are cautioned that the forward-looking
statements included in this report may prove to be inaccurate. In light of the significant
uncertainties inherent to the forward-looking statements included herein, the inclusion of such
information should not be regarded as a representation or warranty by us or any other person that
our objectives and plans will be achieved in any specified time frame, if at all. Except to the
extent required by applicable laws or rules, we do not undertake any obligation to update any
forward-looking statements or to announce revisions to any of the forward-looking statements,
whether to reflect events or circumstances after he date initially filed or published, to reflect
the occurrence of unanticipated events or otherwise.
PART I
ITEM 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Company Overview
Transdel
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Transdel) is a specialty pharmaceutical company developing non-invasive, topically- delivered
medications. Our innovative patented Transdel cream formulation technology is designed to
facilitate the effective penetration of drugs through the tough skin barrier to reach the target
underlying tissues. In the case of Ketotransdel® (our lead drug currently in a Phase 3 trial), the
Transdel cream allows the active ingredient ketoprofen to reach the target soft tissue and exert
its well-known anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.
We are also investigating other drug candidates and treatments for transdermal delivery using
our patented Transdel platform technology, for products in pain management, other therapeutic
areas and for cosmetic/cosmeceutical products. Our patent on the Transdel proprietary cream
formulation covers our novel transdermal formulation with over 500 different drugs in over 60
therapeutic areas, including both approved and established drugs.
Corporate History
On
September 17, 2007, we entered into an Agreement of Merger and Plan of Reorganization
(the Merger Agreement) with Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc., a
privately held Nevada corporation (Transdel Holdings),
and Trans-Pharma Acquisition Corp., our
newly formed, wholly-owned Delaware subsidiary (Acquisition Sub). Upon closing of the
merger transaction contemplated under the Merger Agreement (the Merger), Acquisition Sub merged
with and into Transdel Holdings, and Transdel Holdings, as the
surviving corporation, became our
wholly-owned subsidiary.
On each of September 17, 2007, and October 10, 2007, we completed private placements to
selected institutional and individual investors in which we issued shares of our common stock and
warrants to purchase shares of our common stock. In connection with the private placements, we
raised approximately $3.8 million (net of placement fees and other costs aggregating $342,105 of
which $36,229 was paid in fiscal year 2008) from the issuance of 2,071,834 shares of common stock
and detachable redeemable five-year warrants to purchase 517,958 shares of our common stock at a
cash exercise price of $4.00 per share and a cashless exercise price of $5.00 per share. In
addition, we issued redeemable three-year warrants to purchase 33,750 shares of common stock to
placement agents in connection with the September 2007 and October 2007 private placements.
Also, on May 12, 2008, we sold 1,818,180 shares of common stock for gross proceeds of
approximately $4.0 million (net of legal and accounting costs of $22,470) through a follow-on
private placement (the Follow-on Private Placement) to accredited investors. In addition, the
investors received warrants to purchase 227,272 shares of common stock, exercisable for a period of
five years at a cash and cashless exercise price of $4.40 and $5.50 per share, respectively.
Our common stock has been quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board since October 1, 2007 under the
symbol TDLP.OB. Prior to that date, there was no active market for our common stock. On March 3,
2009, the closing price of our common stock was $0.99 per share.
Our executive offices are located at 4225 Executive Square, Suite 485, La Jolla, California
92037 and our telephone number at such office is (858) 457-5300. Our website address is
www.transdelpharma.com.
Ketotransdel®
Ketotransdel® is comprised of a transdermal formulation of ketoprofen, a non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and our proprietary Transdel drug delivery system and is being
developed for the treatment of acute pain. Ketotransdel® penetrates the skin barrier to reach the
targeted underlying tissues where it exerts its localized anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect.
The topical delivery of the drug may minimize systemic exposure, therefore, resulting in fewer
concerns pertaining to gastrointestinal, renal, cardiovascular and other adverse systemic effects,
which are associated with orally administered NSAIDs. We believe that this product may be
considered for patients with site specific localized pain and who also (i) have a history of
gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, kidney or liver problems, (ii) are geriatric or pediatric
patients and/or (iii) are patients at risk for drug interactions.
We selected ketoprofen as the active ingredient for Ketotransdel® based on its clinical and
medical track record for safety and efficacy with low incidences of kidney, liver and skin
reactions when administered topically.
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Clinical results with Ketotransdel®
Ketotransdel® was tested in a double blind, placebo-controlled Phase 1/2 clinical study. The
study tested the efficacy and safety of topical Ketotransdel® for the treatment of acute pain and
soreness in a delayed-onset muscle soreness model placebo versus active. We also measured the level
of systemic absorption of topical Ketotransdel®.
The clinical study for acute pain and muscle soreness demonstrated a significant medical
benefit from Ketotransdel® in terms of relief of pain and muscle soreness. The topical
Ketotransdel® has approximately 1/100th of the blood levels of ketoprofen found in the
circulatory system as compared to a comparable dose of commercially available oral ketoprofen.
Thus, we believe that the topical Ketotransdel® can potentially provide a safer alternative to pain
management as compared to the orally administered pain medications. No adverse reactions to
Ketotransdel®, such as rash or irritation were reported.
Clinical Program for Ketotransdel®
On June 16, 2008, we announced that we initiated our Phase 3 clinical program for our novel
analgesic and anti-inflammatory topical cream, Ketotransdel® and on September 22, 2008 we announced
the enrollment of our first patient. The first Phase 3 study consists of a randomized,
double-blind, placebo controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ketotransdel® in
acute soft tissue injuries of the upper and lower extremities over a one week treatment period with
a one week post-treatment follow-up for safety. The multi-center trial will be conducted at
approximately 30 sites in the United States and will enroll approximately 350 patients, randomized
1:1 ratio Ketotransdel® (active) versus placebo vehicle (identical to active without the drug
ketoprofen). The primary efficacy endpoint is the difference in the change of baseline of pain
during normal activity for the past 24 hours from measurement at the Day 3 clinical visit between
active and placebo measured by using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), a well known and validated
instrument for pain measurement. Secondary endpoints include safety assessments and other efficacy
parameters measured by VAS. As of March 17, 2009, we have initiated 30 study sites for this Phase
3 study and approximately 50% of the patients have been enrolled. We anticipate reporting top-line
results in the second half of 2009. In addition, as required by the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration (FDA), we will be initiating a second Phase 3 clinical study in acute
musculoskeletal pain, potentially for the treatment of acute flare in osteoarthritis patients. We
are currently assessing the design and timing of this additional study that will support the
registration of Ketotransdel® in the United States. If and when the FDA approves Ketotransdel® for
treatment of acute pain, we intend to pursue FDA approval of Ketotransdel® for other indications,
such as osteoarthritis. Furthermore, we are either in or pursuing
discussions with U.S. and foreign based potential partners
with sales and marketing infrastructures to support Ketotransdel® in the event that the product is
approved and commercialized.
Cosmeceutical/Cosmetic Product Development Program
In addition, we have expanded our product development programs to include
cosmetic/cosmeceutical products, which utilize our patented transdermal delivery system technology,
TransdelTM. For our anti-cellulite and anti-aging products, we have initial clinical
information supporting the efficacy of these key cosmetic/cosmeceutical products. Also, we are
either in or pursuing discussions with potential sales and marketing partners for these
cosmetic/cosmeceutical products and are targeting to introduce these
initial products into the market in 2009. Our potential pipeline of other cosmetic/cosmeceutical products
includes varicose vein and hyperpigmentation formulations.
Other Product Development Programs
We believe that the clinical success of Ketotransdel® will facilitate the use of the Transdel
delivery technology in other products. We have identified co-development opportunities for
potential products in pain management and other therapeutic areas utilizing the Transdel platform
technology and we are exploring potential partnerships for these
identified products. In addition to others, some of
these identified co-development areas include hormone based products, antiemetic and dermatological
products. We are also looking to out-license our Transdel drug delivery technology for the
development and commercialization of additional innovative drug products.
There can be no assurance that any of the activities associated with our product development
programs will lead to definitive agreements.
Market and Opportunity
The market for NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors in the United States may exceed $6 billion. Since
the withdrawal of major COX-2 inhibitors in 2005, oral NSAIDs have captured a share of the
multibillion retail market for COX-2 inhibitors. Oral NSAIDs remain one of the most prescribed
classes of drugs in the pain management market. Over 30 million people worldwide use prescription
and over-the-counter NSAIDs daily.
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We believe that there is a significant unmet medical need for topical pain management products
that minimize systemic absorption of NSAIDs such as Ketotransdel® due to the recognition of
cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and other risks associated with orally administered NSAIDs.
The Transdel Technology
Transdel is our proprietary transdermal cream drug delivery platform. It consists of a cream
that enables transdermal penetration of drugs avoiding first pass metabolism by the liver and
minimizing systemic exposure. The Transdel drug delivery system facilitates the effective
dissolution and delivery of a drug across the skin barrier to reach targeted underlying tissues as
illustrated in the following diagram:
Transdel has the following properties that make it an ideal vehicle for topical drug
administration:
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biocompatible it hydrates the skin; |
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enhanced skin penetration it has a balance of hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties that
allow efficient partitioning of drugs into the skin; |
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low toxicity and biodegradable its components are non-immunogenic and are generally
regarded as safe; |
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thermodynamically stable, insensitive to moisture and resistant to microbial contamination; and |
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has desired skin adherence, spreadability, and cohesiveness for use as a topical agent. |
Other key features of Transdel technology include:
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allows maximal solubilization of drug; |
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clinical data supports safety and efficacy; |
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potentially result in decreased safety concerns which are associated with oral drugs; |
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rapid and efficient transdermal drug delivery; |
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enables painless administration of medications and avoids stomach irritation; |
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Not associated with limitations of transdermal patches; |
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Can potentially be used for a number of different injuries or diseases; |
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highly flexible allows the delivery of a wide range of different medications; |
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ease of application, aesthetically acceptable and odorless; and |
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potentially produces patentable new products when combined with established drugs or
new drugs. |
Competition
The pharmaceutical industry is highly competitive. There are competitors in the United States
that are currently selling products that would compete with our product if and when approved by the
FDA. Also, we are aware of companies developing patch products and other pain formulations.
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In addition to product safety, development and efficacy, other competitive factors in the
pharmaceutical market include product quality and price, reputation, service and access to
scientific and technical information. It is possible that developments by our competitors will make
our products or technologies uncompetitive or obsolete. In addition, the intensely competitive
environment of the pain management products requires an ongoing, extensive search for medical and
technological innovations and the ability to market products effectively, including the ability to
communicate the effectiveness, safety and value of branded products for their intended uses to
healthcare professionals in private practice, group practices and managed care organizations.
Because we are smaller than many of our national competitors, we may lack the financial and other
resources needed to develop, produce, distribute, market and commercialize any of our drug
candidates or compete for market share in the pain management sector.
Third Party Service Agreements
We contract with various third parties to provide certain critical services including
conducting and managing clinical and non-clinical studies, manufacturing, certain research and
development activities, medical affairs and certain regulatory activities and financial functions.
Our failure to maintain our relationships with these third party contractors, may have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Governmental Regulation
Our ongoing product development activities are subject to extensive and rigorous regulation at
both the federal and state levels. Post development, the manufacture, testing, packaging, labeling,
distribution, sales and marketing of our products is also subject to extensive regulation. The
Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1983, as amended, and other federal and state statutes and
regulations govern or influence the testing, manufacture, safety, packaging, labeling, storage,
record keeping, approval, advertising, promotion, sale and distribution of pharmaceutical products.
Noncompliance with applicable requirements can result in fines, recall or seizure of products,
total or partial suspension of production and/or distribution, refusal of the government to approve
New Drug Applications, or NDAs, civil sanctions and criminal prosecution.
FDA approval is typically required before each dosage form or strength of any new drug can be
marketed. Applications for FDA approval must contain information relating to efficacy, safety,
toxicity, pharmacokinetics, product formulation, raw material suppliers, stability, manufacturing
processes, packaging, labeling, and quality control. The FDA also has the authority to revoke
previously granted drug approvals. Product development and approval within this regulatory
framework requires a number of years and involves the expenditure of substantial resources.
Current FDA standards for approving new pharmaceutical products are more stringent than those
that were applied in the past. As a result, labeling revisions, formulation or manufacturing
changes and/or product modifications may be necessary. For example, due to an increased
understanding of the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal risks associated with NSAIDs, the FDA
approved new rules requiring that professional labeling for all prescription and over-the-counter
NSAIDs include information on such risks. We cannot determine what effect changes in regulations
or legal interpretations, when and if promulgated, may have on our business in the future. Changes
could, among other things, require expanded or different labeling, the recall or discontinuance of
certain products, additional record keeping and expanded documentation of the properties of certain
products and scientific substantiation. Such regulatory changes, or new legislation, could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The
evolving and complex nature of regulatory requirements, the broad authority and discretion of the
FDA and the generally high level of regulatory oversight results in a continuing possibility that
from time to time, we will be adversely affected by regulatory actions despite ongoing efforts and
commitment to achieve and maintain full compliance with all regulatory requirements.
FDA Approval Process
FDA approval is typically required before any new drug can be marketed. A NDA is a filing
submitted to the FDA to obtain approval of new chemical entities and other innovations for which
thorough applied research is required to demonstrate safety and effectiveness in use. The NDA must
contain complete preclinical and clinical safety and efficacy data or a reference to such data.
Since the active pharmaceutical ingredients in our topical drug candidates, such as ketoprofen,
have already been approved by the FDA, we are able to file NDAs under section 505(b)(2) of the
Hatch-Waxman Act of 1984. Under Section 505(b)(2) we may rely on data from pre-clinical and
clinical studies that were not conducted by or for us and for which we have not obtained a right of
reference or use from the person by or for whom the investigation was conducted. The FDA has
determined that a 505(b)(2) NDA may be submitted for products that represent changes from approved
drugs in conditions of use, active ingredient(s), route of administration, dosage form, strength,
or bioavailability.
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A 505(b)(2) applicant must provide the FDA with any additional clinical data necessary to
demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of the product with the proposed change(s). Consequently,
although duplication of preclinical and certain clinical studies is avoided through the use a
505(b)(2) application, specific studies may be required by the FDA. Such studies are typically
conducted in three sequential phases, although the phases may overlap.
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Phase 1 clinical studies frequently begin with the initial
introduction of the compound into healthy human subjects prior to
introduction into patients, involves testing the product for
safety, adverse effects, dosage, tolerance, absorption,
metabolism, excretion and other elements of clinical pharmacology. |
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Phase 2 clinical studies typically involve studies in a small
sample of the intended patient population to assess the efficacy
of the compound for a specific indication, to determine dose
tolerance and the optimal dose range as well as to gather
additional information relating to safety and potential adverse
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Phase 3 clinical studies are undertaken to further evaluate
clinical safety and efficacy in an expanded patient population at
typically dispersed study sites, in order to determine the overall
risk-benefit ratio of the compound and to provide an adequate
basis for product labeling. |
Each trial is conducted in accordance with certain standards under protocols that detail the
objectives of the study, the parameters to be used to monitor safety, and efficacy criteria to be
evaluated. Each protocol must be submitted to the FDA. In some cases, the FDA allows a company to
rely on data developed in foreign countries or previously published data, which eliminates the need
to independently repeat some or all of the studies.
To the extent that the Section 505(b)(2) NDA is relying on the findings for an
already-approved drug, the applicant is required to certify that there are no patents for that drug
or that (i) the patent has expired, (ii) the patent has not expired, but will expire on a
particular date and approval is sought after patent expiration or (iii) the patent is invalid or
will not be infringed by the manufacture, use or sale of the new product.
A certification that the new product will not infringe the already approved products patents
or that such patents are invalid is called a paragraph IV certification. If the applicant does not
challenge the listed patents, the Section 505(b)(2) NDA will not be approved until all the listed
patents as well as any additional period of exclusivity have expired.
A paragraph IV certification sent to the FDA must also be sent to the relevant patent holders
once the 505(b)(2) NDA has been accepted for filing by the FDA. The patent holders may then
initiate a legal challenge to the paragraph IV certification. The filing of a patent infringement
lawsuit within 45 days of receipt of a paragraph IV certification automatically prevents the FDA
from approving the Section 505(b)(2) NDA until the earliest of 30 months, expiration of the patent,
settlement of the lawsuit or a decision in the infringement case that is favorable to the Section
505(b)(2) applicant. Thus, a Section 505(b)(2) applicant may invest a significant amount of time
and expense in the development of its products only to be subject to significant delay and patent
litigation before its products may be commercialized.
Notwithstanding the approval of many products by the FDA pursuant to Section 505(b)(2), over
the last few years, certain brand-name pharmaceutical companies and others have objected to the
FDAs interpretation of Section 505(b)(2). If the FDA changes its interpretation of Section
505(b)(2), this could delay or even prevent the FDA from approving any Section 505(b)(2) NDA that
we submit.
As a condition of approval, the FDA or other regulatory authorities may require further
studies, including Phase IV post-marketing studies to provide additional data. Other post-marketing
studies may be required to gain approval for the use of a product as a treatment for clinical
indications other than those for which the product was initially tested. Also, the FDA or other
regulatory authorities require post-marketing reporting to monitor the adverse effects of the drug.
Results of post-marketing programs may limit or expand the further marketing of the products.
The FDA closely regulates the post-approval marketing and promotion of drugs, including
standards and regulations for direct-to-consumer advertising, off-label promotion,
industry-sponsored scientific and educational activities and promotional activities involving the
Internet. A company can make only those claims relating to safety and efficacy that are approved by
the FDA. Failure to comply with these requirements can result in adverse publicity, warning
letters, corrective advertising and potential civil and criminal penalties. Physicians may
prescribe legally available drugs for uses that are not described in the drugs labeling and that
differ from those tested by us and approved by the FDA. Such off-label uses are common across
medical specialties. Physicians may believe that such off-label uses are the best treatment for
many patients in varied circumstances. The FDA does not regulate the behavior of physicians in their choice of treatments. The FDA does, however, impose stringent restrictions
on manufacturers communications regarding off-label use.
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In 2005, the FDA asked the manufacturer of Celebrex, as well as all manufacturers of
prescription and over-the-counter NSAIDs, to revise the labeling for their products. Manufacturers
of NSAIDs are being asked to revise their labeling to provide specific information about the
potential risk of cardiovascular events and gastrointestinal risks of their individual products. We
are continuing to analyze how this pronouncement will affect the labeling of Ketotransdel®.
Quality Assurance Requirements
The FDA enforces regulations to ensure that the methods used in, and facilities and controls
used for, the manufacture, processing, packing and holding of drugs conform with current good
manufacturing practices, or cGMP. The cGMP regulations the FDA enforces are comprehensive and cover
all aspects of operations, from receipt of raw materials to finished product distribution, insofar
as they bear upon whether drugs meet all the identity, strength, quality, purity and safety
characteristics required of them. To assure compliance requires a continuous commitment of time,
money and effort in all operational areas.
The FDA conducts pre-approval inspections of facilities engaged in the development,
manufacture, processing, packing, testing and holding of the drugs subject to NDAs. If the FDA
concludes that the facilities to be used do not meet cGMP, good laboratory practices or good
clinical practices requirements, it will not approve the NDA. Corrective actions to remedy the
deficiencies must be performed and verified in a subsequent inspection. In addition, manufacturers
of both pharmaceutical products and active pharmaceutical ingredients used to formulate the drug
also ordinarily undergo a pre-approval inspection, although the inspection can be waived when the
manufacturer has had a passing cGMP inspection in the immediate past. Failure of any facility to
pass a pre-approval inspection will result in delayed approval and would have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The FDA also conducts periodic inspections of facilities to assess their cGMP status. If the
FDA were to find serious cGMP non-compliance during such an inspection, it could take regulatory
actions that could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The FDA could initiate product seizures or request product recalls and seek to enjoin a products
manufacture and distribution. In certain circumstances, violations could lead to civil penalties
and criminal prosecutions. In addition, if the FDA concludes that a company is not in compliance
with cGMP requirements, sanctions may be imposed that include preventing the company from receiving
the necessary licenses to export its products and classifying the company as an unacceptable
supplier, thereby disqualifying the company from selling products to federal agencies. Imported
active pharmaceutical ingredients and other components needed to manufacture our products could be
rejected by United States Customs.
We believe that we and our suppliers and outside manufacturers are currently in compliance
with all FDA requirements.
Other FDA Matters
If there are any modifications to an approved drug, including changes in indication,
manufacturing process or labeling or a change in a manufacturing facility, an applicant must notify
the FDA, and in many cases, approval for such changes must be submitted to the FDA or other
regulatory authority. Additionally, the FDA regulates post-approval promotional labeling and
advertising activities to assure that such activities are being conducted in conformity with
statutory and regulatory requirements. Failure to adhere to such requirements can result in
regulatory actions that could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations
and financial condition.
Intellectual Property
We obtained a patent from the United States Patent and Trademark Office on our Transdel
technology in 1998, which affords protection of Transdel through 2016 in the United States. This
patent specifically lists over 500 different drugs in over 60 therapeutic areas, including both
approved and established drugs. The Transdel technology may also have an application to deliver
drugs not listed in its patent, including novel drugs. Also, it covers composition of matter,
methods of use and methods of manufacture. In regard to this U.S. patent, we will be pursuing
patent strategies that will potentially allow us to extend the life of the patent beyond 2016.
Employees
As of March 3, 2009, we employed three individuals, including one in management, one in
financial accounting and one in administration. We currently believe that our employee relations
are good. Also, we have engaged with a pharmaceutical consultant, to lead our business development
activities, especially the out-licensing of our lead product Ketotransdel®
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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Before investing in our common
stock you should carefully consider the following risks, together with the financial and other
information contained in this Form 10-K. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our
business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. In
that case, the trading price of our common stock would likely decline and you may lose all or a
part of your investment.
Risks Relating to Our Business
We have incurred losses in the research and development of Ketotransdel® and our Transdel
technology since inception. No assurance can be given that we will ever generate revenue or become
profitable.
Since inception we have recorded operating losses. For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2008, we have a deficit accumulated during the development stage of approximately $10.4 million,
and for the year ended December 31, 2008, we experienced a net loss of approximately $3.3 million.
In addition, we expect to incur increasing operating losses for the foreseeable future as we
continue to incur costs for research and development and clinical trials, and in other development
activities. Our ability to generate revenue and achieve profitability depends upon our ability,
alone or with others, to complete the development of our proposed products, obtain the required
regulatory approvals and manufacture, market and sell our proposed products. Development is costly
and requires significant investment. In addition, we may choose to in-license rights to particular
drugs or active ingredients for use in cosmetic/cosmeceutical products. The license fees for such
drugs or active ingredients may increase our costs.
As we continue to engage in the development of Ketotransdel® and develop other products,
including cosmetic/cosmeceutical products, there can be no assurance that we will ever be able to
achieve or sustain market acceptance, profitability or positive cash flow. Our ultimate success
will depend on many factors, including whether Ketotransdel® receives FDA approval. We cannot be
certain that we will receive FDA approval for Ketotransdel®, or that we will reach the level of
sales and revenues necessary to achieve and sustain profitability. Unless we raise additional
capital, we may not be able to execute our business plan or fund business operations. Furthermore,
we may be forced to reduce our expenses and cash expenditures to a material extent, which would
impair or delay our ability to execute our business plan.
We will need additional financing to execute our business plan and fund our operations, which
additional financing may not be available on a timely basis, or at all.
We have limited funds to support our operations and we may not be able to execute our current
business plan and fund business operations long enough to achieve profitability unless we are able
to secure additional funds. With our current cash and cash equivalents position, we have
forecasted and anticipate having adequate resources in order to execute a portion of our operating
plan over the next twelve months, which would include completing the Phase 3 clinical trial
currently in progress for Ketotransdel®. However, in order to execute the second Phase 3 clinical
trial of Ketotransdel®, which is currently required by the FDA to obtain final regulatory approval
for Ketotransdel®, we would need to secure additional funds. If adequate financing is not
available, we will not be able to conduct the second Phase 3 clinical trial. In addition, if one
or more of the risks discussed in these risk factors occur or our expenses exceed our expectations,
we may be required to raise funds sooner than anticipated.
We may be required to pursue sources of additional capital to fund our operations through
various means, including equity or debt financing, funding from a corporate partnership or
licensing arrangement or any similar financing. Future financings through equity investments are
likely to be dilutive to existing stockholders. Also, the terms of securities we may issue in
future capital transactions may be more favorable for our new investors. Newly issued securities
may include preferences, superior voting rights and the issuance of warrants or other derivative
securities, which may have additional dilutive effects. In addition, if we raise additional funds
through collaboration and licensing arrangements, we may be required to relinquish potentially
valuable rights to our product candidates or proprietary technologies, or grant licenses on terms
that are not favorable to us. Further, we may incur substantial costs in pursuing future capital
and/or financing, including investment banking fees, legal fees, accounting fees, printing and
distribution expenses and other costs. We may also be required to recognize non-cash expenses in
connection with certain securities we may issue, such as convertible notes and warrants, which will
adversely impact our financial condition.
The significant downturn in the overall economy and the ongoing disruption in the capital
markets has reduced investor confidence and negatively affected investments generally and
specifically in the pharmaceutical industry. In addition, the fact that we are not profitable and
will need significant additional funds to execute the second Phase 3 clinical trial of
Ketotransdel® currently required by the FDA and any other clinical trials we would want to commence
for other products, could further impact the availability or cost of future financings. As a
result, there can be no assurance that additional funds will be available when needed from any
source or, if available, will be available on terms that are acceptable to us. If we are unable to
raise funds to satisfy our capital needs on a timely basis, we may be required to cease operations.
-7-
Timing and results of clinical trials to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of products as
well as FDA approval of products are uncertain.
We are subject to extensive government regulations. The process of obtaining FDA approval is
costly, time consuming, uncertain and subject to unanticipated delays. Before obtaining regulatory
approvals for the sale of any of our products, we must demonstrate through preclinical studies and
clinical trials that the product is safe and effective for each intended use. Preclinical and
clinical studies may fail to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of a product. Even promising
results from preclinical and early clinical studies do not always accurately predict results in
later, large scale trials. A failure to demonstrate safety and efficacy would result in our failure
to obtain regulatory approvals. Moreover, if the FDA grants regulatory approval of a product, the
approval may be limited to specific indications or limited with respect to its distribution, which
could limit revenues.
We cannot assure you that the FDA or other regulatory agencies will approve any products
developed by us, on a timely basis, if at all, or, if granted, that such approval will not subject
the marketing of our products to certain limits on indicated use. Any limitation on use imposed by
the FDA or delay in or failure to obtain FDA approvals of products developed by us would adversely
affect the marketing of these products and our ability to generate product revenue, as well as
adversely affect the price of our common stock.
If we fail to comply with continuing federal, state and foreign regulations, we could lose our
approvals to market drugs and our business would be seriously harmed.
Following initial regulatory approval of any drugs we may develop, we will be subject to
continuing regulatory review, including review of adverse drug experiences and clinical results
that are reported after our drug products become commercially available. This would include results
from any post-marketing tests or continued actions required as a condition of approval. The
manufacturer and manufacturing facilities we use to make any of our drug candidates will be subject
to periodic review and inspection by the FDA. If a previously unknown problem or problems with a
product or a manufacturing and laboratory facility used by us is discovered, the FDA or foreign
regulatory agency may impose restrictions on that product or on the manufacturing facility,
including requiring us to withdraw the product from the market. Any changes to an approved product,
including the way it is manufactured or promoted, often requires FDA approval before the product,
as modified, can be marketed. In addition, we and our contract manufacturers will be subject to
ongoing FDA requirements for submission of safety and other post-market information. If we or our
contract manufacturers fail to comply with applicable regulatory requirements, a regulatory agency
may:
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issue warning letters; |
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impose civil or criminal penalties; |
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suspend or withdraw our regulatory approval; |
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suspend or terminate any of our ongoing clinical trials; |
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refuse to approve pending applications or supplements to approved applications filed by us; |
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impose restrictions on our operations; |
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close the facilities of our contract manufacturers; or |
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seize or detain products or require a product recall. |
Additionally, regulatory review covers a companys activities in the promotion of its drugs,
with significant potential penalties and restrictions for promotion of drugs for an unapproved use.
Sales and marketing programs are under scrutiny for compliance with various mandated requirements,
such as illegal promotions to health care professionals. We are also required to submit information
on our open and completed clinical trials to public registries and databases. Failure to comply
with these requirements could expose us to negative publicity, fines and penalties that could harm
our business.
If we violate regulatory requirements at any stage, whether before or after marketing approval
is obtained, we may be fined, be forced to remove a product from the market or experience other
adverse consequences, including delay, which would materially harm our financial results.
Additionally, we may not be able to obtain the labeling claims necessary or desirable for product
promotion.
-8-
Delays in the conduct or completion of our clinical and non-clinical trials or the analysis of
the data from our clinical or non-clinical trials may result in delays in our planned filings for
regulatory approvals, and may adversely affect our business.
We cannot predict whether we will encounter problems with any of our completed or planned
clinical or non-clinical studies that will cause us or regulatory authorities to delay or suspend
planned clinical and non-clinical studies. Any of the following could delay the completion of our
planned clinical studies:
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failure of the FDA to approve the scope or design of our clinical
or non-clinical trials or manufacturing plans; |
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delays in enrolling volunteers in clinical trials; |
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insufficient supply or deficient quality of materials necessary
for the performance of clinical or non-clinical trials; |
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negative results of clinical or non-clinical studies; and |
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adverse side effects experienced by study participants in clinical
trials relating to a specific product. |
There may be other circumstances other than the ones described above, over which we may have
no control that could materially delay the successful completion of our clinical and non-clinical
studies.
None of our pharmaceutical product candidates, other than Ketotransdel®, have commenced
clinical trials.
None of our pharmaceutical product candidates, other than Ketotransdel®, have commenced any
clinical trials and there are a number of FDA requirements that we must satisfy in order to
commence clinical trials. These requirements will require substantial time, effort and financial
resources. We cannot assure you that we will ever satisfy these requirements. In addition, prior to
commencing any trials of a drug candidate, we must evaluate whether a market exists for the drug
candidate. This is costly and time consuming and no assurance can be given that our market studies
will be accurate. We may expend significant capital and other resources on a drug candidate and
find that no commercial market exists for the drug. Even if we do commence clinical trials of our
other drug candidates, such drug candidates may never be approved by the FDA.
Once approved, there is no guarantee that the market will accept our products, and regulatory
requirements could limit the commercial usage of our products.
Even if we obtain regulatory approvals, uncertainty exists as to whether the market will
accept our products or if the market for our products is as large as we anticipate. A number of
factors may limit the market acceptance of our products, including the timing of regulatory
approvals and market entry relative to competitive products, the availability of alternative
products, the price of our products relative to alternative products, the availability of third
party reimbursement and the extent of marketing efforts by third party distributors or agents that
we retain. We cannot assure you that our products will receive market acceptance in a commercially
viable period of time, if at all. We cannot be certain that any investment made in developing
products will be recovered, even if we are successful in commercialization. To the extent that we
expend significant resources on research and development efforts and are not able, ultimately, to
introduce successful new products as a result of those efforts, our business, financial position
and results of operations may be materially adversely affected, and the market value of our common
stock could decline.
We may be subject to product liability claims.
The development, manufacture, and sale of pharmaceutical and cosmetic/cosmeceutical products
expose us to the risk of significant losses resulting from product liability claims. Although we
have obtained and intend to maintain product liability insurance to offset some of this risk, we
may be unable to maintain such insurance or it may not cover certain potential claims against us.
In the future, we may not be able to afford to obtain insurance due to rising costs in
insurance premiums in recent years. Currently we have been able to secure insurance coverage,
however, we may be faced with a successful claim against us in excess of our product liability
coverage that could result in a material adverse impact on our business. If insurance coverage is
too expensive or is unavailable to us in the future, we may be forced to self-insure against
product-related claims. Without insurance coverage, a successful claim against us and any defense
costs incurred in defending ourselves may have a material adverse impact on our operations.
-9-
If our patents are determined to be unenforceable, or if we are unable to obtain new patents
based on current patent applications or for future inventions, we may not be able to prevent others
from using our intellectual property.
Our success will depend in part on our ability to obtain and expand patent protection for our
specific products and technologies both in the United States and other countries. We cannot
guarantee that any patents will be issued from any pending or future patent applications owned by
or licensed to us. Alternatively, a third party may successfully circumvent our patents. Our rights
under any issued patents may not provide us with sufficient protection against competitive products
or otherwise cover commercially valuable products or processes. In addition, because patent
applications in the United States are maintained in secrecy for eighteen months after the filing of
the applications, and publication of discoveries in the scientific or patent literature often lag
behind actual discoveries, we cannot be sure that the inventors of subject matter covered by our
patents and patent applications were the first to invent or the first to file patent applications
for these inventions. In the event that a third party has also filed a patent on a similar
invention, we may have to participate in interference proceedings declared by the United States
Patent and Trademark Office to determine priority of invention, which could result in a loss of our
patent position. Furthermore, we may not have identified all United States and foreign patents that
pose a risk of infringement.
The use of our technologies could potentially conflict with the rights of others.
The manufacture, use or sale of our proprietary products may infringe on the patent rights of
others. If we are unable to avoid infringement of the patent rights of others, we may be required
to seek a license, defend an infringement action or challenge the validity of the patents in court.
Patent litigation is costly and time consuming and may divert managements attention and our
resources. We may not have sufficient resources to bring these actions to a successful conclusion.
In such case, we may be required to alter our products, pay licensing fees or cease activities. If
our products conflict with patent rights of others, third parties could bring legal actions against
us claiming damages and seeking to enjoin manufacturing and marketing of affected products. If
these legal actions are successful, in addition to any potential liability for damages, we could be
required to obtain a license in order to continue to manufacture or market the affected products.
We may not prevail in any legal action and a required license under the patent may not available on
acceptable terms, if at all.
We will be dependent on outside manufacturers in the event that we successfully develop our
product candidates into commercial products; therefore, we will have limited control of the
manufacturing process, access to raw materials, timing for delivery of finished products and costs.
One manufacturer may constitute the sole source of one or more of our products.
Third party manufacturers will manufacture all of our products, in the event that we
successfully develop our product candidates into commercial products. Currently, certain of our
contract manufacturers constitute the sole source of one or more of our products. If any of our
existing or future manufacturers cease to manufacture or are otherwise unable to deliver any of our
products or any of the components of our products, we may need to engage additional manufacturing
partners. Because of contractual restraints and the lead-time necessary to obtain FDA approval of a
new manufacturer, replacement of any of these manufacturers may be expensive and time consuming and
may disrupt or delay our ability to supply our products and reduce our revenues.
Because all of our products, in the event that we successfully develop our product candidates
into commercial products, will be manufactured by third parties, we have a limited ability to
control the manufacturing process, access to raw materials, the timing for delivery of finished
products or costs related to this process. There can be no assurance that our contract manufacturers
will be able to produce finished products in quantities that are sufficient to meet demand or at
all, in a timely manner, which could result in decreased revenues and loss of market share. There
may be delays in the manufacturing process over which we will have no control, including shortages
of raw materials, labor disputes, backlog and failure to meet FDA standards. Increases in the
prices we pay our manufacturers, interruptions in our supply of products or lapses in quality could
adversely impact our margins, profitability and cash flows. We are reliant on our third-party
manufacturers to maintain their manufacturing facilities in compliance with FDA and other federal,
state and/or local regulations including health, safety and environmental standards. If they fail
to maintain compliance with FDA or other critical regulations, they could be ordered to curtail
operations, which would have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and
financial condition.
We also rely on our outside manufacturers to assist us in the acquisition of key documents
such as drug master files and other relevant documents that are required by the FDA as part of the
drug approval process and post-approval oversight. Failure by our outside manufacturers to properly
prepare and retain these documents could cause delays in obtaining FDA approval of our drug
candidates.
-10-
We
are dependent on third parties to conduct clinical trials and non-clinical studies of our
drug candidates and to provide services for certain core aspects of our business. Any interruption
or failure by these third parties to meet their obligations pursuant to various agreements with us
could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial
condition.
We
rely on third parties to conduct and manage clinical and non-clinical studies of our drug candidates
and provide us with other services. Such third party contractors are subject to FDA requirements.
Our business and financial viability are dependent on the regulatory compliance of these third
parties, and on the strength, validity and terms of our various contracts with these third parties.
In addition, if the current adverse economic conditions continue for a prolonged period or become
more severe, one or more of our suppliers may be forced to close their business or to refuse or be
unable to perform in accordance with our contracts. Any interruption or failure by these third
party contractors to meet their obligations pursuant to various agreements with us may be outside
of our control and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Our cosmetic/cosmeceutical product development program may not be successful.
We recently expanded our product development program to include cosmetic/cosmeceutical
products, which utilize our patented transdermal delivery system technology, TransdelTM.
Because our primary focus will remain on seeking FDA approval for Ketotransdel, we plan to use
limited resources on our cosmetic/cosmeceutical development program and, as a result, we will need
to partner with third parties to perform formulation, clinical research, manufacturing, sales and
marketing activities. We have initial clinical information to support the efficacy of
anti-cellulite and anti-aging products, and we are either in or pursuing discussions with
potential sales and marketing partners for these products. We cannot assure you that the results
of any further studies that may be required before these products can be commercialized will be
successful, that we will enter into commercial agreements with third parties for these products on
acceptable terms, or at all, or that these products will be successfully commercialized. Even if
we are not required to obtain FDA pre-market approval for these products, we will still be subject
to a number of federal and state regulations, including regulation by the FDA and the Federal Trade
Commission on any marketing claims we make about our products. There is no assurance that we will
be successful in developing any other cosmetic/cosmeceutical products, including products for
varicose veins and hyperpigmentation. Any products we develop may cause undesirable side effects
that could limit their use, require their removal from the market and subject us to adverse
regulatory action and product liability claims. Further, the market for cosmetic/cosmeceutical
products is highly competitive, and there is no assurance that our products will be able to compete
against the many products and treatments currently being offered or under development by other
established, well-known and well-financed cosmetic, health care and pharmaceutical companies.
We currently have no internal sales and marketing resources and may have to rely on third
parties in the event that we successfully commercialize our product.
In order to market any of our products in the United States or elsewhere, we must develop
internally or obtain access to sales and marketing forces with technical expertise and with
supporting distribution capability in the relevant geographic territory. We may not be able to
enter into marketing and distribution arrangements or find a corporate partner to market our drug
candidates, and we currently do not have the resources or expertise to market and distribute our
products ourselves. If we are not able to enter into marketing or distribution arrangements or find
a corporate partner who can provide support for commercialization of our products, we may not be
able to successfully commercialize our products. Moreover, any new marketer or distributor or
corporate partner for our specific combinations, with whom we choose to contract may not establish
adequate sales and distribution capabilities or gain market acceptance for our products.
If we are unable to retain our key personnel or attract additional professional staff, we may
be unable to maintain or expand our business.
Because of the specialized scientific nature of our business, our ability to develop products
and to compete will remain highly dependent, in large part, upon our ability to attract and retain
qualified scientific, technical and commercial personnel. The loss of key scientific, technical and
commercial personnel, especially our Chief Executive Officer, Juliet Singh, Ph.D. or the failure to
recruit additional key scientific, technical and commercial personnel could have a material adverse
effect on our business. While we have consulting agreements with certain key institutions and have
an employment agreement with our Chief Executive Officer, we cannot assure you that we will succeed
in retaining personnel or their services under existing agreements. There is intense competition
for qualified personnel in the pharmaceutical industry, and we cannot assure you that we will be
able to continue to attract and retain the qualified personnel necessary for the development of our
business.
Risks Relating to Our Industry
If we are unable to compete with other companies that develop rival products to our products,
then we may never gain market share or achieve profitability.
The pharmaceutical industry is intensely competitive, and we face competition across the full
range of our activities. If we fail to compete successfully, our business, results of operations
and financial condition could be adversely affected. Our competitors include brand name and generic
manufacturers of pharmaceuticals specializing in transdermal drug delivery, especially those doing
business in the United States. In the market for pain management products, our competitors include
manufacturers of over-the-counter and prescription pain relievers. Because we are smaller than many
of our national competitors, we may lack the financial and other resources needed to compete for
market share in the pain management sector. Our other potential drug candidates will also face
intense competition from larger and more well established pharmaceutical and biotechnology
companies. Many of these competitors have significantly greater financial, technical and scientific
resources than we do. In addition to product safety, development and efficacy, other competitive
factors in the pharmaceutical market include product quality and price, reputation, service and
access to scientific and technical information. If our products are unable to compete with the
products of our competitors, we may never gain market share or achieve profitability.
We may not be able to keep up with the rapid technological change in the biotechnology and
pharmaceutical industries, which could make our products obsolete and reduce our potential
revenues.
Biotechnology and related pharmaceutical technologies have undergone and continue to be
subject to rapid and significant change. Our future will depend in large part on our ability to
maintain a competitive position with respect to these technologies. It is
possible that developments by our competitors will render our products and technologies
obsolete or unable to compete. Any products that we develop may become obsolete before we recover
expenses incurred in developing those products, which may require that we raise additional funds to
continue our operations.
-11-
Our ability to generate revenues will be diminished if we fail to obtain acceptable prices or
an adequate level of reimbursement from third-party payors.
If we succeed in bringing a specific product to market, we cannot be certain that the products
will be considered cost effective and that reimbursement from insurance companies and other
third-party payors will be available or, if available, will be sufficient to allow us to sell the
products on a competitive basis.
Significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly approved health care
products. Third-party payors, including Medicare, are challenging the prices charged for medical
products and services. Government and other third-party payors increasingly are attempting to
contain health care costs by limiting both coverage and the level of reimbursement for new drugs
and by refusing, in some cases, to provide coverage for uses of approved products for disease
indications for which the FDA has not granted labeling approval. Third-party insurance coverage may
not be available to patients for any products we discover and develop, alone or with collaborators.
If government and other third-party payors do not provide adequate coverage and reimbursement
levels for our products, the market acceptance of these products may be reduced.
Changes in the healthcare industry that are beyond our control may be detrimental to our
business.
The healthcare industry is changing rapidly as the public, governments, medical professionals
and the pharmaceutical industry examine ways to broaden medical coverage while controlling the
increase in healthcare costs. Potential changes could put pressure on the prices of prescription
pharmaceutical products and reduce our business or prospects. We cannot predict when, if any,
proposed healthcare reforms will be implemented or their affect on our business.
Risks Relating to the Common Stock
We are subject to financial reporting and other requirements for which our accounting and
other management systems and resources may not be adequately prepared.
We are subject to reporting and other obligations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended, (the Exchange Act) including the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act. Section 404 required us to conduct an annual management assessment of the effectiveness of our
internal controls over financial reporting for this annual report on Form 10-K. Also, we will be
required to obtain a report by our independent registered public accounting firm addressing these
assessments commencing with our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31,
2009. These reporting and other obligations will place significant demands on our management,
administrative, operational, and accounting resources. We anticipate that we will need to upgrade
our systems; implement additional financial and management controls, reporting systems and
procedures; implement an internal audit function; and hire additional accounting, internal audit
and finance staff. If we are unable to accomplish these objectives in a timely and effective
fashion, our ability to comply with our financial reporting requirements and other rules that apply
to reporting companies could be impaired and we may not be able to obtain the independent
registered public accounting firm certifications required by Section 404. Any failure to maintain
effective internal controls could have a negative impact on our ability to manage our business and
on our stock price.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control, we may not be able to report
our financial results accurately or to prevent fraud. Any inability to report and file our
financial results accurately and timely could harm our business and adversely impact the trading
price of our common stock.
Effective internal control is necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and
prevent fraud. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, we will not be
able to manage our business as effectively, and our business and reputation with investors would be
harmed. Any such inabilities to establish effective controls or loss of confidence would have an
adverse affect on our financial condition, results of operation and access to capital. We have not
performed an in-depth analysis to determine if past failures of internal controls exist, and may in
the future discover areas of our internal control that need improvement.
Public company compliance may make it more difficult to attract and retain officers and
directors.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act and new rules subsequently implemented by the Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC) have required changes in corporate governance practices of public companies. As
a public company, we expect these new rules and regulations to increase our compliance costs and to
make certain activities more time consuming and costly. We also expect that these new rules and
regulations may make it more difficult and expensive for us to obtain director and officer
liability insurance in the
future and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur
substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. As a result, it may be more
difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as
executive officers.
-12-
Our stock price may be volatile.
The market price of our common stock is likely to be highly volatile and could fluctuate
widely in price in response to various factors, many of which are beyond our control, including the
following:
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changes in the pharmaceutical industry and markets; |
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competitive pricing pressures; |
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our ability to obtain working capital financing; |
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new competitors in our market; |
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additions or departures of key personnel; |
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limited public float in the hands of a small number of persons
whose sales or lack of sales could result in positive or negative
pricing pressure on the market price for our common stock; |
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sales of our common stock; |
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our ability to execute our business plan; |
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operating results that fall below expectations; |
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loss of any strategic relationship with our contract manufacturers
and clinical and non-clinical research organizations; |
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industry or regulatory developments; |
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economic and other external factors; and |
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period-to-period fluctuations in our financial results. |
In addition, the securities markets have from time to time experienced significant price and
volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These
market fluctuations may also materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
We have not paid dividends in the past and do not expect to pay dividends in the future. Any
return on investment may be limited to the value of our common stock.
We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate doing so in the
foreseeable future. The payment of dividends on our common stock will depend on earnings, financial
condition and other business and economic factors affecting us at such time as our board of
directors may consider relevant. If we do not pay dividends, our common stock may be less valuable
because a return on your investment will only occur if our stock price appreciates.
Our common stock may be deemed a penny stock, which would make it more difficult for our
investors to sell their shares.
Our common stock may be subject to the penny stock rules adopted under Section 15(g) of the
Exchange Act. The penny stock rules apply to companies whose common stock is not listed on The
Nasdaq Stock Market or other national securities exchange and trades at less than $4.00 per share
or that have tangible net worth of less than $5,000,000 ($2,000,000 if the company has been
operating for three or more years). These rules require, among other things, that brokers who trade
penny stock to persons other than established customers complete certain documentation, make
suitability inquiries of investors and provide investors with certain information concerning
trading in the security, including a risk disclosure document and quote information under certain
circumstances. Many brokers have decided not to trade penny stocks because of the requirements of
the penny stock rules and, as a result, the number of broker-dealers willing to act as market
makers in such securities is limited. If we remain subject to the penny stock rules for any
significant period, it could have an adverse effect on the market, if any, for our securities. If
our securities are subject to the penny stock rules, investors will find it more difficult to
dispose of our securities.
Furthermore, for companies whose securities are traded in the OTC Bulletin Board, it is more
difficult (1) to obtain accurate quotations, (2) to obtain coverage for significant news events
because major wire services generally do not publish press releases about such companies and (3) to
obtain needed capital.
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Offers or availability for sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock may
cause the price of our common stock to decline.
The sale by our stockholders of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market
or upon the expiration of any statutory holding period, under Rule 144, or upon expiration of
lock-up periods applicable to outstanding shares, or issued upon the exercise of outstanding
options or warrants, could create a circumstance commonly referred to as an overhang and in
anticipation of which the market price of our common stock could fall. The existence of an
overhang, whether or not sales have occurred or are occurring, also could make more difficult our
ability to raise additional financing through the sale of equity or equity-related securities in
the future at a time and price that we deem reasonable or appropriate.
Our directors and executive officers can exert significant control over our business and
affairs and may have actual or potential interests that may depart from those of our other
stockholders.
Our directors and executive officers together beneficially own a significant percentage of our
issued and outstanding common stock, which percentage may increase in the event that they exercise
any options or warrants to purchase shares of our common stock that they may hold or in the future
are granted to them. The interests of such persons may differ from the interests of other
stockholders. Such persons will have significant influence over all corporate actions requiring
stockholder approval, irrespective of how our other stockholders may vote, including the following
actions:
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the election of our directors; |
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amendment of our Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws; and |
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mergers, sales of assets or other corporate transactions. |
Concentration of stock ownership among a few stockholders may discourage a potential acquirer
from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company, which in turn
could reduce our stock price or prevent our stockholders from realizing a premium over our stock
price.
Raising additional funds by issuing securities or through collaboration and licensing
arrangements may cause dilution to existing stockholders, restrict operations or require us to
relinquish proprietary rights.
We may raise additional funds through public or private equity offerings or corporate
collaboration and licensing arrangements. To the extent that we raise additional capital by issuing
equity securities, our existing stockholders ownership will be diluted. In addition, if we raise
additional funds through collaboration and licensing arrangements, it may be necessary to
relinquish potentially valuable rights to our potential products or proprietary technologies, or
grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us. Further, we may not be able to obtain
additional funding, particularly if the volatile conditions in the stock and financial markets, and
more particularly the market for pharmaceutical company stocks, persist. If we are unable to obtain
additional funding, we may be required to delay, further reduce the scope of or discontinue one or
more of our research and development projects, sell the company or certain of its assets or
technologies, or dissolve and liquidate the companys assets.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Facilities
We lease approximately 1,681 square feet of office space in La Jolla, California. The current
lease term expires on August 31, 2009 at which time we anticipate to renew the lease for a period
of time sufficient to allow us to operate our business uninterrupted. This facility serves as our
corporate headquarters.
We believe our current facility is adequate for our immediate and near-term needs. Additional
space may be required as we expand our activities. We do not currently foresee any significant
difficulties in obtaining any required additional facilities.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
None.
-14-
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
The following proposals were submitted for shareholder vote in conjunction with the Companys
Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on November 5, 2008:
|
(a) |
|
The votes received for the nominees for the Board of Directors were elected by a
vote of the stockholders as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Votes |
|
Votes |
|
|
For |
|
Withheld |
Juliet Singh |
|
|
13,170,074 |
|
|
|
2,000 |
|
Jeffrey Abrams |
|
|
13,170,074 |
|
|
|
2,000 |
|
Anthony Thornley |
|
|
13,171,074 |
|
|
|
1,000 |
|
|
(b) |
|
the amendment to increase the number of shares of common stock from 1,500,000 to
3,000,000 available for issuance under the 2007 Incentive Stock and Awards Plan was
approved by a vote of the stockholders as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Votes |
|
Votes |
|
|
|
|
|
Broker |
For |
|
Against |
|
Abstain |
|
Non-Votes |
11,448,870 |
|
|
497,989 |
|
|
|
137,018 |
|
|
|
|
|
(c) |
|
the ratification of the selection of KMJ Corbin & Company LLP as the Companys
independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31,
2008 was approved by a vote of the stockholders as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Votes |
|
Votes |
|
|
For |
|
Against |
|
Abstain |
13,036,056 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
136,018 |
|
-15-
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES
OF EQUITY
Market Information
Our common stock has been quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board since October 1, 2007 under the
symbol TDLP.OB. Prior to that date, there was no active market for our common stock. The OTC
Bulletin Board is a regulated quotation service that displays real-time quotes, last-bid prices and
volume information in over-the-counter equity securities. The OTC Bulletin Board securities are
traded by a community of market makers that enter quotes and trade reports. This market is
extremely limited and any prices quoted may not be a reliable indication of the value of our common
stock. The closing price of our common stock on March 3, 2009 was $0.99 per share.
The following table sets forth the high and low last-bid prices for our common stock for the
periods indicated, as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board. The quotations reflect inter-dealer
prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission, and may not represent actual transactions.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year 2008 |
|
High |
|
Low |
First Quarter |
|
$ |
2.94 |
|
|
$ |
1.05 |
|
Second Quarter |
|
$ |
1.98 |
|
|
$ |
1.10 |
|
Third Quarter |
|
$ |
1.75 |
|
|
$ |
1.00 |
|
Fourth Quarter |
|
$ |
1.39 |
|
|
$ |
0.55 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Year 2007 |
|
High |
|
Low |
Fourth Quarter (starting October 1, 2007) |
|
$ |
3.10 |
|
|
$ |
2.00 |
|
Holders
As of March 3, 2009 we had approximately 95 stockholders of record (excluding an
indeterminable number of stockholders whose shares are held in street or nominee name) of our
common stock.
Dividends
We have not paid any dividends on our common stock since our inception and do not expect to
pay dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
On November 21, 2008, in connection with his appointment to the Board of Directors, Lynn C.
Swann received a stock option to purchase 80,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of
$0.70 per share, which was the closing bid price of the our common stock on the date of grant. The
options vest in equal quarterly installments over a five-year period measured from the grant date.
Also, Mr. Swann received a stock option to purchase 25,000 shares of our common stock at an
exercise price of $0.70 per share . This option vests in equal quarterly installments over a
one-year period measured from the grant date. We also issued Mr. Swann 25,000 shares of restricted
stock at a price of $0.70 per share. We have the right to repurchase the restricted stock from Mr.
Swann, which right terminates in four equal installments over a one-year period measured from the
grant date.
On November 21, 2008, two of our directors, Jeffrey Abrams, M.D. and Anthony Thornley, were
each granted stock options to purchase 80,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of
$0.70 per share, which was the closing bid price of our common stock on the date of grant. The
options vest in equal quarterly installments over a five-year period measured from the grant date.
On December 19, 2008, we entered into an agreement with consulting firm (Firm), pursuant to
which the Firm will provide certain business development services to us. As part of the
compensation for such services, we granted a stock option to the Firm to purchase 50,000 shares of
our common stock at an exercise price of $0.99, which was the closing bid price of our common stock
on the date of the grant.
The offers, sales and issuances of these securities were deemed to be exempt from registration
under the Securities Act in reliance on Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, and/or Regulation D and
the other rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, or Rule 701 promulgated under Section 3(b)
of the Securities Act as transactions not involving a public offering or transactions under
compensatory benefit plans and contracts relating to compensation as provided under such Rule 701.
The recipients of securities in each such transaction represented their intention to acquire the
securities for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any
distribution thereof and appropriate legends were affixed to the
share certificates and options
issued in such transactions.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. For this purpose, any statements
contained herein regarding our strategy, future operations, financial position, future revenues,
projected costs and expenses, prospects, plans and objectives of management, other than statements
of historical facts, are forward-looking statements. The words anticipate, believes,
estimates, intends, may, plans, will, would and similar expressions are intended to
identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these
identifying words. Such statements reflect our current views with respect to future events. We
cannot guarantee that we actually will achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in
our forward-looking statements. There are a number of important factors that could cause actual
results or events to differ materially from those disclosed in the expressed or implied
forward-looking statements we make. These important factors include our critical accounting
policies and estimates and the risk factors set forth below in Part I, Item 1A Risk Factors.
Although we may elect to update forward-looking statements in the future, we specifically disclaim
any obligation to do so, even if our estimates change. Readers should not rely on those
forward-looking statements as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this
Annual Report.
-16-
Overview
We are a specialty pharmaceutical company developing non-invasive, topically-delivered
medications. Our innovative patented proprietary Transdel cream formulation technology is designed
to facilitate the effective penetration of drugs through the tough skin barrier to reach the target
underlying tissues. In the case of Ketotransdel®, the Transdel cream allows the active ingredient
ketoprofen to reach the target soft tissue and exert its well-known anti-inflammatory and analgesic
effects. We are also investigating other drug candidates and treatments for transdermal delivery
using the patented Transdel platform technology for products in pain management, other therapeutic
areas and for cosmetic/cosmeceutical products.
On
September 17, 2007, we entered into an Agreement of Merger and Plan of Reorganization
(the Merger Agreement) with Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc., a
privately held Nevada corporation (Transdel Holdings),
and Trans-Pharma Acquisition Corp., our
newly formed, wholly-owned Delaware subsidiary (Acquisition Sub). Upon closing of the
merger transaction contemplated under the Merger Agreement (the Merger), Acquisition Sub merged
with and into Transdel Holdings, and Transdel Holdings, as the
surviving corporation, became our
wholly-owned subsidiary.
Plan of Operations
For the next twelve months, our current operating plan is focused on the development of our
lead drug, Ketotransdel® for the indication of acute musculoskeletal pain, development of
cosmetic/cosmeceutical products and co-development opportunities in other therapeutic areas
utilizing our Transdel platform technology.
Clinical Program for Ketotransdel®
On June 16, 2008, we announced that we initiated our Phase 3 clinical program for our novel
analgesic and anti-inflammatory topical cream, Ketotransdel®, which contains ketoprofen and on
September 22, 2008, we announced the enrollment of our first patient. The first Phase 3 study
consists of a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and
safety of Ketotransdel® in acute soft tissue injuries of the upper and lower extremities over a one
week treatment period with a one week post-treatment follow-up for safety. The multi-center trial
will be conducted at approximately 30 sites in the United States and will enroll approximately 350
patients, randomized 1:1 ratio Ketotransdel (active) versus placebo vehicle (identical to active
without the drug ketoprofen). The primary efficacy endpoint is the difference in the change of
baseline of pain during normal activity for the past 24 hours from measurement at the Day 3
clinical visit between active and placebo measured by using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), a well
known and validated instrument for pain measurement. Secondary endpoints include safety assessments
and other efficacy parameters measured by VAS. As of March 17, 2009, we have initiated 30 study
sites for this Phase 3 study and approximately 50% of the patients have been enrolled. We
anticipate reporting top-line results in the second half of 2009. In addition, as required by the
FDA, we will be initiating a second Phase 3 clinical study in acute musculoskeletal pain,
potentially for the treatment of acute flare in osteoarthritis patients. We are currently assessing
the design and timing of this additional study that will support the registration of Ketotransdel®
in the United States. If and when the FDA approves Ketotransdel® for treatment of acute pain, we
intend to pursue FDA approval of Ketotransdel® for other indications, such as osteoarthritis.
Furthermore, we are either in or pursuing discussions with U.S. and foreign based potential partners with operations that have
sales and marketing infrastructures to support Ketotransdel® in the event that the product is
approved and commercialized.
Cosmeceutical/Cosmetic Product Development Program
We have expanded our product development programs to include cosmetic/cosmeceutical products,
which utilize our patented transdermal delivery system technology,
Transdel. For our
anti-aging and anti-cellulite products, we have initial clinical information supporting the
efficacy of these key cosmetic/cosmeceutical products. Also, we are either in or pursuing
discussions with potential sales and marketing partners for these
cosmetic/cosmeceutical products and are targeting to introduce these
initial products into the market in 2009. Our potential pipeline of other cosmetic/cosmeceutical products includes varicose vein and
hyperpigmentation formulations.
Other Product Development Programs
We believe that the clinical success of Ketotransdel® will facilitate the use of the Transdel
delivery technology in other products. We have identified co-development opportunities for
potential products in pain management and other therapeutic areas utilizing the Transdel platform
technology and we are exploring potential partnerships for these
identified products. In addition to others, some of
these identified co-development areas include hormone based products, antiemetic and dermatological
products using our Transdel delivery system. We are also looking to out-license our Transdel drug
delivery technology for the development and commercialization of additional innovative drug
products.
There can be no assurance that any of the activities associated with our product development
programs will lead to definitive agreements.
-17-
We believe that our current staff is sufficient to carry out our business plan in the coming
twelve months, however, if our operations in the future require it, we will consider the employment
of additional staff or the use of consultants.
Results of Operations
Comparisons of Years Ended December 31, 2008 and 2007
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses were approximately $1.8 million in 2008 as
compared to approximately $1.0 million for the same period in 2007. The increase is primarily
related to higher personnel, investor relations and other corporate expenses associated with a full
twelve months of operations as a public company in 2008 compared to approximately four months in
2007, which was the period of time subsequent to the Merger we completed in September 2007. The
primary reason that personnel expenses increased by approximately $350,000 in 2008 compared to 2007
is due to a full year of amortization expense for stock options granted to personnel and directors
in 2008 and 2007. Also, investor relations expense increased in 2008 compared to 2007 by
approximately $200,000 primarily related to the amortization of the value of stock provided to
investor relations firms for their services and the investor relations activities incurred by our
personnel. Other corporate expenses (such as rent, insurance and legal fees) increased due the
full year of activity in 2008 compared to the partial year in 2007.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses were approximately $2.0 million in 2008 as compared to
approximately $1.8 million for the same period in 2007. There were substantial research and
development activities during all of 2008 and the latter part of 2007 that resulted in a consistent
level of expenses between the two years. Personnel costs for the two years were consistent, but in
2008 approximately $1.1 million of expenses were incurred for the on-going Phase 3 trial of
Ketotransdel®. In 2007 approximately $1.1 million of expense was incurred as well, but it was
related to contract manufacturing activities, non-clinical studies and consulting services related
to the preparation of the February 2008 Phase 3 clinical study filing with the FDA.
Interest Expense
In 2007, as a result of and in conjunction with the Merger, the entire outstanding principal
amount of $1.5 million of convertible notes and accrued interest was converted into our common
stock at a conversion price equal to $1.00 per share, which was at a rate below the $2.00 common
stock market value. Therefore, due to this beneficial conversion feature that resulted in the
issuance of 1,530,177 shares, we recognized a debt discount of $1,530,177. Prior to the conversion
of the convertible notes, we recognized interest expense on these convertible notes and previously
outstanding shareholder notes of approximately $30,000.
Interest Income
Interest income was approximately $67,000 in 2008 compared to approximately $48,000 in 2007.
The increase in 2008 resulted from a higher average balance of cash and cash equivalents in 2008
compared to 2007. Interest income was negatively impacted in 2008 as a result of the decrease in
the average interest rate of 1.8% in 2008 compared to 2.9% in 2007.
Gain on Settlement
In 2008, we obtained $375,000 after fees paid to our counsel and an executive and director of
the Company as result of a settlement agreement with a law firm previously retained by us.
Forgiveness of Liabilities
In 2007, we entered into a mutual release agreement with a vendor, settling a balance of
$170,914. In accordance with the mutual release agreement, we paid $81,000 and recognized a gain
of $89,914.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since inception through December 31, 2008, we have incurred losses of approximately $10.4
million. These losses are primarily due to selling, general and administrative and research and
development expenses incurred in connection with developing and seeking regulatory approval for our
lead drug, Ketotransdel. Historically, our operations have been financed through capital
contributions and debt and equity financings.
-18-
As of December 31, 2008, we had $5.1 million in cash and cash equivalents. On each of
September 17, 2007, and October 10, 2007, we completed private placements to selected institutional
and accredited investors. In connection with these private placements, we raised approximately $3.8
million (net of placement agent fees and other costs aggregating $342,105) from the issuance of
2,071,834 shares of common stock and detachable redeemable warrants to purchase 517,958 shares of
our common stock at a cash exercise price of $4.00 per share and a cashless exercise price of $5.00
per share. In May 2008, we completed another private placement to accredited investors, where we
raised gross proceeds of approximately $4.0 million (net of legal fees aggregating $22,470) from
the issuance of 1,818,180 shares of common stock and detachable warrants to purchase 227,272 shares
of our common stock at a cash exercise price of $4.40 per share and a cashless exercise price of
$5.50 per share.
We have limited funds to support our operations. Our continuation as a going concern
subsequent to fiscal year 2009 is dependent on our ability to obtain additional financing to fund
the continued operation of our business model for a long enough period to achieve profitable
operations. With our current cash and cash equivalents position, we have forecasted and anticipate
having adequate resources in order to execute a portion of our operating plan over the next twelve
months, which would include completing the Phase 3 clinical trial currently in progress. However,
in order to execute the second Phase 3 clinical trial of Ketotransdel® which is currently required
by the FDA to obtain final regulatory approval for Ketotransdel we would need to raise additional
funds. We intend to seek additional financing to fund the second Phase 3 clinical trial as well as
to continue our cosmetic/cosmeceutical program and to explore co-development opportunities. If
adequate financing is not available, we will not be able to conduct the second Phase 3 trial.
We may be required to pursue sources of additional capital to fund our operations through
various means, including equity or debt financing, funding from a corporate partnership or
licensing arrangement or any similar financing. Future financings through equity investments are
likely to be dilutive to existing stockholders. Also, the terms of securities we may issue in
future capital transactions may be more favorable for our new investors. Newly issued securities
may include preferences, superior voting rights and the issuance of warrants or other derivative
securities, which may have additional dilutive effects. In addition, if we raise additional funds
through collaboration and licensing arrangements, we may be required to relinquish potentially
valuable rights to our product candidates or proprietary technologies, or grant licenses on terms
that are not favorable to us. Further, we may incur substantial costs in pursuing future capital
and/or financing, including investment banking fees, legal fees, accounting fees, printing and
distribution expenses and other costs. We may also be required to recognize non-cash expenses in
connection with certain securities we may issue, such as convertible notes and warrants, which will
adversely impact our financial condition.
The significant downturn in the overall economy and the ongoing disruption in the capital
markets has reduced investor confidence and negatively affected investments generally and
specifically in the pharmaceutical industry. In addition, the fact that we are not profitable and
need significant additional funds to complete our clinical trials, could further impact the
availability or cost of future financings. As a result, there can be no assurance that additional
funds will be available when needed from any source or, if available, will be available on terms
that are acceptable to us. If we are unable to raise funds to satisfy our capital needs on a
timely basis, we may be required to cease operations.
Critical Accounting Policies
We rely on the use of estimates and make assumptions that impact our financial condition and
results. These estimates and assumptions are based on historical results and trends as well as our
forecasts as to how results and trends might change in the future. Although we believe that the
estimates we use are reasonable, actual results could differ from those estimates.
We believe that the accounting policies described below are critical to understanding our
business, results of operations and financial condition because they involve more significant
judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our audited consolidated financial statements.
An accounting policy is deemed to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made
based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, and
any changes in the different estimates that could have been used in the accounting estimates that
are reasonably likely to occur periodically could materially impact our audited consolidated
financial statements.
Our most critical accounting policies and estimates that may materially impact our results of
operations include:
Stock-Based Compensation. Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards (SFAS) No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, (SFAS No. 123R), which is a
revision of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. SFAS No. 123R supersedes
Accounting Principles Board No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and amends SFAS No.
95, Statement of Cash Flows. SFAS No. 123R requires all share-based payments to employees,
including grants of employee stock options and restricted stock grants, to be recognized in the
financial statements based upon their fair values. We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to
estimate the grant-date fair value of share-based awards under SFAS No. 123R. Fair value is
determined at the date of grant. In accordance with SFAS No. 123R, the financial statement effect
of forfeitures is estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, if the actual effect
differs from those estimates. Starting with options granted in November 2008, management assigned a
forfeiture factor of 10%, which will be assigned to future director and employee options. This percentage was determined based on consideration of actual forfeitures realized during fiscal year
2008 and estimated forfeitures to potentially occur in the future.
-19-
Our accounting policy for equity instruments issued to consultants and vendors in exchange for
goods and services follows the provisions of SFAS No. 123, Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) No.
96-18, Accounting for Equity Instruments That are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or
in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services and EITF No. 00-18, Accounting Recognition for
Certain Transactions Involving Equity Instruments Granted to Other Than Employees. As such, the
value of the applicable stock-based compensation is periodically remeasured and income or expense
is recognized during the vesting terms. The measurement date for the fair value of the equity
instruments issued is determined at the earlier of (i) the date at which a commitment for
performance by the consultant or vendor is reached or (ii) the date at which the consultant or
vendors performance is complete. In the case of equity instruments issued to consultants, the fair
value of the equity instrument is recognized over the term of the consulting agreement. In
accordance with EITF No. 00-18, an asset acquired in exchange for the issuance of fully vested,
nonforfeitable equity instruments should not be presented or classified as an offset to equity on
the grantors balance sheet once the equity instrument is granted for accounting purposes.
Accordingly, we recorded the fair value of nonforfeitable equity instruments issued for future
consulting services as prepaid consulting fees in our consolidated balance sheets.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Since our inception, except for standard operating leases, we have not engaged in any
off-balance sheet arrangements, including the use of structured finance, special purpose entities
or variable interest entities.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R, Business Combinations. SFAS No. 141R provides
companies with principles and requirements on how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its
financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling
interest in the acquiree as well as the recognition and measurement of goodwill acquired in a
business combination. SFAS No. 141R also requires certain disclosures to enable users of the
financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination.
Acquisition costs associated with the business combination will generally be expensed as incurred.
SFAS No. 141R is effective for business combinations occurring in fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2008. Early adoption of SFAS No. 141R is not permitted. We do not anticipate that SFAS
No. 141R will have any material effect on us.
We adopted SFAS, No. 157, Fair Value Measurements. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB
Staff Position (FSP) No. 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157, which provides a one
year deferral of the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for non-financial assets and non-financial
liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed in the financial statements at fair
value in the financial statements on a recurring basis, at least annually. The delay is intended to
allow FASB and constituents additional time to consider the effect of various implementation issued
that have arisen, or that may arise, from the application of SFAS No. 157. Therefore, we have
adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 157 with respect to our financial assets and liabilities only.
SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America and enhances disclosures about fair
value measurements. Fair value is defined under SFAS No. 157 as the exchange price that would be
received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most
advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market
participants on the measurement date. We also adopted FSP No. 157-3, Determining the Fair Value of
a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active. FSP No. 157-3 clarifies the
application of SFAS No. 157, in a market that is not active and provides an example to illustrate
key considerations in determining the fair value of a financial asset when the market for that
financial asset is not active. This FSP applies to financial assets within the scope of accounting
pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements in accordance with SFAS No. 157, as
required, except as it applies to those nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities as noted
in FSP No. 157-2. During the year ended December 31, 2008, the adoption of SFAS No. 157 did not
have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110 (SAB 110). SAB 110 amends
and replaces Question 6 of Section D.2 of Topic 14, Share-Based Payment, of the Staff Accounting
Bulletin series. Question 6 of Section D.2 of Topic 14 expresses the views of the staff regarding
the use of the simplified method in developing an estimate of the expected term of plain
vanilla share options and allows usage of the simplified method for share option grants prior to
December 31, 2007. SAB 110 allows public companies which do not have historically sufficient
experience to provide a reasonable estimate to continue to use the simplified method for
estimating the expected term of plain vanilla share option grants after December 31, 2007. We
adopted SAB 110 on January 1, 2008. We will continue to use the simplified method until we have
enough historical experience to provide a reasonable estimate of expected term in accordance with
SAB 110.
In December 2007, the FASB ratified EITF No. 07-1, Accounting for Collaborative Agreements
(EITF No. 07-1). EITF No. 07-1 provides guidance regarding financial statement presentation and
disclosure of collaborative arrangements, as defined, which includes arrangements we may enter into
regarding development and commercialization of products. EITF No. 07-1 is effective for us as of
January 1, 2009. We do not believe the adoption of this statement will have a material effect on
our consolidated results of operations, financial position or liquidity.
-20-
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated
Financial Statements (SFAS No. 160), which will require noncontrolling interests (previously
referred to as minority interests) to be treated as a separate component of equity, not as a
liability or other item outside of permanent equity. SFAS No. 160 applies to the accounting for
noncontrolling interests and transactions with non-controlling interest holders in consolidated
financial statements. SFAS No. 160 will be applied prospectively to all noncontrolling interests,
including any that arose before the effective date except that comparative period information must
be recast to classify noncontrolling interests in equity, attribute net income and other
comprehensive income to noncontrolling interests, and provide other disclosures required by SFAS
No. 160. SFAS No. 160 is effective for periods beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Since we
currently do not have any noncontrolling interests, the adoption of SFAS No. 160 is not expected to
have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or liquidity.
Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including the EITF) and the
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants did not or are not believed by management to
have a material impact on our present or future consolidated financial statements.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The financial statements and supplementary data required by this item are included in Part IV,
Item 15 of this Report.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES
None.
Item 9A (T). CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information
required to be disclosed in our reports filed with the Commission is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commissions rules and forms and
that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions
regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures,
management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated,
can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management
is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls
and procedures.
As required by Commission Rule 13a-15(b), we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision
and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and the Chief
Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and
procedures as of the end of the quarter covered by this annual report on Form 10-K. Based on the
foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure
controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
Managements Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under
the supervision of, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer and effected by our
board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Our evaluation of internal control over financial reporting includes using the framework
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), an
integrated framework for the evaluation of internal controls issued by COSO, to identify the risks
and control objectives related to the evaluation of our control environment.
Based on our evaluation under the frameworks described above, our management has concluded
that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2008.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public
accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Managements report was not
subject to attestation requirements by our independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that
permit us to provide only managements report in this annual report.
-21-
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our most
recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect,
our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Executive Officers and Directors
The following table sets forth information regarding our executive officers and directors.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Age |
|
Position |
Juliet Singh, Ph.D.
|
|
|
49 |
|
|
Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of the Board |
John T. Lomoro
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
Chief Financial Officer |
Jeffrey J. Abrams, M.D.
|
|
|
61 |
|
|
Director |
Anthony S. Thornley
|
|
|
62 |
|
|
Director |
Lynn C. Swann
|
|
|
56 |
|
|
Director |
Our directors hold office for one-year terms until the earlier of their death, resignation or
removal or until their successors have been elected and qualified. Our officers are elected
annually by the board of directors and serve at the discretion of the board.
Biographies
Juliet Singh, Ph.D. has been a director and our chief executive officer since the merger with
Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. on September 17, 2007. Dr. Singh was the Chief Executive
Officer of Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. since 2005. From 2000 to 2003, Dr. Singh was a
corporate officer-vice president of regulatory affairs and quality assurance of Collateral
Therapeutics, Inc., a developer of non-surgical gene therapy products for the treatment of
cardiovascular disease, which was acquired by Schering AG in 2002. From 1996 to 2000, Dr. Singh was
the director of worldwide regulatory affairs for Allergan Corporation, where she oversaw the
registration of BOTOX in the United States, Canada, Europe Asia, and South America. Prior to
joining Allergan, Dr. Singh was the assistant director of regulatory affairs for Baxter Healthcare
Corp., where she provided leadership in obtaining worldwide regulatory approval for recombinant
factor VIII. Dr. Singh holds a Ph.D. in endocrinology from the University of California, Davis.
-22-
John T. Lomoro has been our chief financial officer since the merger with Transdel
Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. on September 17, 2007 and the chief financial officer of
Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. since September 2007. From 2004 to 2007, Mr. Lomoro was the director of North
American accounting for Carl Zeiss Vision Inc., a privately held international optical lens
manufacturing and distribution company. From 2003 to 2004, Mr. Lomoro was the manager of financial
reporting and planning for dj Orthopedics, Inc., a publicly traded medical device manufacturing
company. From 2002 to 2003, Mr. Lomoro was a corporate accounting manager at Wireless Knowledge,
Inc. Mr. Lomoros experience also includes approximately five years in public accounting as an
audit manager at Ernst & Young LLP. Mr. Lomoro received a B.S. degree in accounting from St. Cloud
State University of Minnesota and is a certified public accountant.
Jeffrey J. Abrams, M.D., MPH, has been a director since the merger with Transdel
Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. on September 17, 2007. Dr. Abrams has been a director of Transdel
Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. since 1998. Prior to joining Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings,
Inc., Dr. Abrams was a practicing primary care clinician for over twenty years. Dr. Abrams received
a B.A. from the State University of New York at Buffalo, an M.D. from the Albert Einstein College
of Medicine and an M.P.H. from San Diego State University.
Anthony S. Thornley has been a director since November 6, 2007. Mr. Thornley currently serves
on the Board of Directors at Callaway Golf Incorporated, Cavium Networks Inc. and Airvana Inc. From
February 2002 to June 2005, he served as President and Chief Operating Officer of QUALCOMM
Incorporated, a wireless communication technology and integrated circuit company. From July 2001 to
February 2002 he served as Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of QUALCOMM, and
from March 1994 to February 2002, he was the Chief Financial Officer of QUALCOMM. Prior to joining
QUALCOMM, Mr. Thornley was with Nortel Networks, a telecommunications equipment manufacturer, for
sixteen years in various financial and information systems management positions, including Vice
President Finance and IS, Public Networks, Vice President Finance NT World Trade and Corporate
Controller Nortel Limited. He has also worked for Coopers and Lybrand in public accounting. Mr.
Thornley received his BS degree in Chemistry from the University of Manchester, England.
Lynn C. Swann has been a director since November 2008. He is president of Swann, Inc., a
consulting firm specializing in marketing and communications and managing director of Diamond Edge
Capital Partners, LLC, a New York-based finance company. Mr. Swann currently serves on the Board of
Directors of H.J. Heinz Company, Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company and Harrahs
Entertainment, Inc. He was also chairman of the Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and Sports
from 2002-2005. A former all-pro wide receiver for the Pittsburgh Steelers and 2001 Hall of Famer,
he spent twenty-nine years with ABC Sports as a sports analyst and broadcaster before retiring in
2006. Active in community affairs, Mr. Swann is a spokesman, former board president and current
director of Big Brothers Big Sisters of America, and former director of the Pittsburgh Ballet
Theatre. Mr. Swan holds a B.A. degree in public relations from the University of Southern
California.
There are no family relationships among our directors and executive officers.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
No person who, during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, was one of our directors or
officers, or beneficial owner of more than ten percent of our Common Stock (which is the only class
of securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act), failed to file on a timely basis
reports required by Section 16 of the Exchange Act during such fiscal year. The foregoing is based
solely upon our review of Forms 3 and 4 relating to the most recent fiscal year as furnished to us
under Rule 16a-3(d) under the Exchange Act, and Forms 5 and amendments thereto furnished to us with
respect to our most recent fiscal year, and any representation received by us from any reporting
person that no Form 5 is required.
Code of Ethics
On December 6, 2007, we adopted an amended and restated code of ethics and business conduct
that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, or persons performing
similar functions and all other employees. A copy of the amended and restated code of ethics and
business conduct can be found on our website at www.transdelpharma.com.
-23-
Director Independence
We believe that Anthony S. Thornley and Lynn C. Swann are each an independent director, as
that term is defined by applicable listing standards of The Nasdaq Stock Market and Securities and
Exchange Commission rules, including the rules relating to the independence standards of an audit
committee and the non-employee director definition of Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange
Act.
Board Committees
Our Board currently performs the functions and duties generally performed by separately
constituted audit, compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees. We intend to
recruit additional directors to serve on our Board, and at such time, the Board will form separate
Board committees. We intend that a majority of our directors will be independent directors, and
that our Board and Board committees will meet the corporate governance requirements imposed by a
national securities exchange, although we are not required to comply with such requirements until
we seek listing on a securities exchange. Additionally, the Board will direct each committee to
adopt a charter to govern its duties and actions.
Audit Review. Our Board is responsible for assuring the integrity of our financial control,
audit and reporting functions and reviews with our management and our independent auditors the
effectiveness of our financial controls and accounting and reporting practices and procedures. In
addition, our Board reviews the qualifications of our independent auditors, is responsible for
their appointment, compensation, retention and oversight and reviews the scope, fees and results of
activities related to audit and non-audit services. Our board has determined that Mr. Thornley is
an audit committee financial expert.
Executive Compensation. Our Board reviews and sets our general compensation policies and
executive compensation, including officer salary levels, incentive compensation programs and
share-based compensation. Our Board also has the exclusive authority to administer our 2007
Incentive Stock and Awards Plan. Juliet Singh, our President and Chief Executive Officer, has
abstained from any board discussions with respect to her compensation.
Nominating and Corporate Governance. Our Board is responsible for identifying and selecting
potential candidates for our Board. Our Board reviews the credentials of proposed members of the
Board, either in connection with filling vacancies or the election of directors at each annual
meeting of stockholders. The Board will consider qualified nominees recommended by stockholders.
The Board intends to periodically assess how well it is performing, and make recommendations
regarding corporate governance matters and practices. Nominees for director are selected on the
basis of their depth and breadth of experience, integrity, ability to make independent analytical
inquiries, understanding our business environment and willingness to devote adequate time to their
board duties.
There has been no change to the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to
our Board of Directors.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The following table sets forth for the periods presented certain information concerning all
compensation earned by or awarded or paid to our named executive officers serving as of December
31, 2008, and for two of our former executives.
Summary Compensation Table
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock Awards |
|
Option Awards |
|
Total |
Name |
|
Year |
|
Salary ($) |
|
($)(1) |
|
($)(2) |
|
($) |
Juliet Singh, Ph.D., |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
210,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
140,644 |
|
|
|
350,644 |
|
President and Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
116,071 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32,561 |
|
|
|
148,632 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John T. Lomoro, |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
160,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
89,832 |
|
|
|
249,832 |
|
Chief Financial Officer |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
50,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21,321 |
|
|
|
71,321 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paul
Finnegan, M.D., M.B.A., F.R.C.P.C. (3)
Former Chief Medical Officer and Chief
Operating Officer |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
102,955 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,014 |
|
|
|
110,969 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balbir Brar, DVM, Ph.D. |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
34,308 |
|
|
|
298,110 |
(4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
332,418 |
|
Former Vice President of Research & Development |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
70,000 |
|
|
|
92,517 |
(4) |
|
|
28,425 |
|
|
|
190,942 |
|
-24-
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Amount reflects the non-cash compensation cost for the year ended
December 31, 2008 and 2007 of the named executive officers stock,
calculated in accordance with SFAS 123R. Assumptions used in the
calculation of these amounts are included in Note 7 to our
consolidated financial statements included herein. |
|
(2) |
|
Amount reflects the non-cash compensation expense for the years ended
December 31, 2008 and 2007 of the named executive officers options,
calculated in accordance with SFAS 123R and using a
Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. Assumptions used in the
calculation of these amounts are included in Note 7 to our
consolidated financial statements included herein. |
|
(3) |
|
On April 23, 2008, Dr. Finnegan was granted an option to purchase
300,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.00 per
share. The option vested on a quarterly basis and was to fully vest
on April 23, 2011. However, on November 15, 2008, Dr. Finnegan
ended his employment and as of this date, Dr. Finnegan had vested in
50,000 shares of this grant. Dr. Finnegan had 90 days
subsequent to November 15, 2008 in order to purchase his vested shares, however, this was not
completed by Dr. Finnegan and his option shares expired unexercised. |
|
(4) |
|
In August 2007, we issued a restricted stock grant to Dr. Brar for
195,313 shares of our common stock upon closing of the Merger. These
shares were subject to forfeiture in the event that Dr. Brars
employment was terminated for cause or he resigned without good reason
prior to March 17, 2009. On April 4, 2008, our Board of Directors
waived any restrictions or forfeiture conditions on the 195,313 shares
of restricted common stock previously granted to Dr. Brar in
conjunction with his resignation and a separation agreement
entered into between Transdel and Dr. Brar. As a result of the waived
restrictions, in April 2008, we recognized the unamortized value of
this restricted stock. |
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
The following table sets forth certain information concerning outstanding stock awards held by
our named executive officers as of December 31, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Option Awards |
|
|
Number of |
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Securities |
|
Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underlying |
|
Underlying |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unexercised |
|
Unexercised |
|
Option |
|
Option |
|
|
Options (#) |
|
Options (#) |
|
Exercise |
|
Expiration |
Name |
|
Exercisable |
|
Unexercisable |
|
Price ($) |
|
Date |
Juliet Singh, Ph.D. |
|
|
33,333 |
|
|
|
166,667 |
|
|
|
2.00 |
|
|
|
4/23/2018 |
|
|
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.00 |
|
|
|
9/16/2017 |
|
|
|
|
83,333 |
|
|
|
116,667 |
|
|
|
2.00 |
|
|
|
9/16/2017 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John T. Lomoro |
|
|
16,667 |
|
|
|
83,333 |
|
|
|
2.00 |
|
|
|
4/23/2018 |
|
|
|
|
62,500 |
|
|
|
87,500 |
|
|
|
2.00 |
|
|
|
9/16/2017 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paul
Finnegan, M.D., M.B.A., F.R.C.P.C. |
|
|
50,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.00 |
|
|
|
2/15/2009 |
|
Employment Agreements
We have entered into an employment agreement with Juliet Singh, Ph.D. to serve as our chief
executive officer. Pursuant to this employment agreement, Dr. Singh is entitled to receive an
annual base salary of $195,000, subject to annual reviews by our board of directors. Dr. Singh is
also entitled to a performance-based bonus to be comprised of cash and/or equity compensation.
Subject to the terms of Dr. Singhs employment agreement, the Board of Directors increased Dr.
Singhs salary to $225,000 effective July 1, 2008 and granted a stock option for 200,000 shares of
common stock at an exercise price of $2.00. If we terminate Dr. Singhs employment without cause,
we will continue to pay Dr. Singh, as severance, her then current annual base salary for one year,
payable in accordance with standard payroll procedures and the pro-rata amount of any accrued
annual bonus.
2007 Incentive Stock and Awards Plan
On September 17, 2007, our board of directors and stockholders adopted the 2007 Incentive
Stock and Awards Plan (the 2007 Plan). The purpose of the 2007 Plan is to provide an incentive to
attract and retain directors, officers, consultants, advisors and employees whose services are considered valuable, to encourage a sense of proprietorship and
to stimulate an active interest of such persons into our development and financial success. Under
the 2007 Plan, we are authorized to issue incentive stock options intended to qualify under Section
422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, non-qualified stock options, stock
appreciation rights, performance shares, restricted stock and long term incentive awards. The 2007
Plan will be administered by our board of directors until such time as such authority has been
delegated to a committee of the board of directors. Effective November 5, 2008, the shareholders
approved an amendment to the 2007 Plan to increase the number of authorized shares to 3,000,000
from 1,500,000.
-25-
As of March 3, 2009, there were outstanding options to purchase 1,085,000 shares of our common
stock, 220,313 shares of restricted stock outstanding under the 2007 Plan, and 1,694,687 shares of
our common stock available for issuance under the 2007 Plan.
Director Compensation
The following table sets forth for the periods presented certain information concerning all
compensation earned by or awarded or paid to the members of our board of directors serving on
December 31, 2008.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fees Earned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
or Paid in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash |
|
Stock Awards |
|
Option Awards |
|
Total |
Name |
|
Year |
|
($) |
|
($)(1) |
|
($)(2)(7) |
|
($) |
Juliet Singh, Ph.D. (3) |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
10,181 |
|
|
$ |
10,181 |
|
Jeffrey J. Abrams,
M.D. (4) |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
11,010 |
|
|
$ |
11,010 |
|
Anthony S. Thornley (5) |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
18,121 |
|
|
$ |
18,121 |
|
Lynn C. Swann (6) |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
2,188 |
|
|
$ |
2,050 |
|
|
$ |
4,238 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
In November 2008, the Company awarded 25,000 shares of its restricted common stock to Mr.
Swann upon his appointment to the Board of Directors. |
|
(2) |
|
In November 2008, each member of the Board of Directors, except Dr. Singh, was awarded an
option for 80,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.70, which vests quarterly
over a five year period. Also, in November 2008, upon his appointment, the Board of
Directors granted Mr. Swann an option for 25,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price
of $0.70, which vests quarterly over a 1 year period. |
|
(3) |
|
The compensation noted in the table is specifically related to the stock option grant of
10,000 shares that Dr. Singh, our President and Chief Executive Officer, was awarded on
September 17, 2007 for her service on the Board of Directors for fiscal year 2007 and became
fully vested on September 17, 2008. Dr. Singh has not received any additional compensation
for her service on the Board of Directors. |
|
(4) |
|
As of December 31, 2008, Dr. Abrams held 90,000 stock options, of which 10,000 were vested. |
|
(5) |
|
As of December 31, 2008, Mr. Thornley held 90,000 stock options, of which 10,000 were vested. |
|
(6) |
|
As of December 31, 2008, Mr. Swann held 105,000 stock options and 25,000 shares of
restricted common stock, of which none were vested. |
|
(7) |
|
Amount reflects the non-cash compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2008 and
2007 of the named board members options, calculated in accordance with SFAS 123R and using
a Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. Assumptions used in the calculation of these amounts
are included in Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements included herein. |
-26-
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
The following table sets forth certain information as of March 3, 2009, regarding the
beneficial ownership of our common stock by (i) each person or entity who, to our knowledge, owns
more than 5% of our common stock; (ii) our named executive officers; (iii) each director; and (iv)
all of our executive officers and directors as a group. Unless otherwise indicated in the footnotes
to the following table, each person named in the table has sole voting and investment power with
respect to shares of common stock and the address for the current officers and directors is c/o Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
4225 Executive Square, Suite 485, La Jolla, California 92037. Shares of common stock subject to
options, warrants, or other rights currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of March 3,
2009, are deemed to be beneficially owned and outstanding for computing the share ownership and
percentage of the stockholder holding such options, warrants or other rights, but are not deemed
outstanding for computing the percentage of any other stockholder.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name of |
|
Number of Shares Beneficially |
|
Percentage |
Beneficial Owner |
|
Owned |
|
Beneficially Owned (1) |
Juliet Singh, Ph.D. |
|
|
2,130,792 |
(6) |
|
|
13.5 |
% |
Jeffrey J. Abrams, M.D. |
|
|
1,576,500 |
(2) |
|
|
10.1 |
% |
The Abrams Family Trust |
|
|
1,562,500 |
(3) |
|
|
10.0 |
% |
Anthony S. Thornley |
|
|
87,400 |
(4) |
|
|
* |
|
Lynn C. Swann |
|
|
35,250 |
(5) |
|
|
* |
|
John T. Lomoro |
|
|
108,333 |
(7) |
|
|
* |
|
Joseph Grasela(8) |
|
|
1,171,875 |
|
|
|
7.5 |
% |
John C. Grasela(8) |
|
|
1,171,875 |
|
|
|
7.5 |
% |
Paul
Finnegan, M.D., M.B.A., F.R.C.P.C. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balbir Brar, D.V.M., Ph.D. |
|
|
398,438 |
|
|
|
2.6 |
% |
All executive officers and directors as a group (5 persons) |
|
|
3,938,275 |
|
|
|
24.8 |
% |
|
|
|
* |
|
less than 1% |
|
(1) |
|
Based on 15,570,184 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding as of March 3, 2009. |
|
(2) |
|
Jeffrey J. Abrams, M.D., a director, is a trustee of the Abrams Family
Trust. Dr. Abrams has sole voting and investment control with respect
to the shares of common stock owned by the Abrams Family Trust.
Includes 14,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of
stock options. |
|
(3) |
|
Dr. Abrams is a trustee of the Abrams Family Trust, which owns 1,562,500 shares of our common stock. |
|
(4) |
|
Includes 12,500 and 14,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants and stock options, respectively. |
|
(5) |
|
Includes 10,250 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options and 25,000 shares of restricted stock. |
|
(6) |
|
Includes 176,667 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options. |
|
(7) |
|
Total amount includes shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options. |
|
(8) |
|
Joseph Grasela and John C. Grasela are adult siblings living in separate households. |
The following table summarizes our compensation plans under which our equity securities are
authorized for issuance as of December 31, 2008:
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION (1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Shares |
|
|
Weighted- |
|
|
Number of Shares |
|
|
|
to be Issued Upon |
|
|
Average |
|
|
Remaining Available |
|
|
|
Exercise of |
|
|
Exercise Price |
|
|
for Future Issuance |
|
|
|
Outstanding |
|
|
of Outstanding |
|
|
Under Equity |
|
|
|
Stock Options |
|
|
Stock Options |
|
|
Compensation Plans |
|
Equity compensation
plans approved by
security holders |
|
|
1,085,000 |
|
|
$ |
1.63 |
|
|
|
1,694,687 |
|
Equity compensation
plans not approved
by security holders |
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
|
2.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
1,090,000 |
|
|
$ |
1.64 |
|
|
|
1,694,687 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
See footnote 7 in the consolidated financial statements included herein for information
related to the equity compensation plans. |
-27-
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Except for those noted below, we have not engaged in any transactions since January 1, 2008 in which the amount
involved exceeds the lesser of $120,000 or 1% of the average of our total assets at year end for
fiscal 2007 and 2008 and in which any of our directors, named executive officers or any holder of
more than 5% of our common stock, or any member of the immediate family of any of these persons or
entities controlled by any of them, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
In February 2007, prior to the Merger, our Board of Directors approved a payment of 12.5% of any proceeds we may
receive from an action we had initiated against a prior law firm, not to exceed $100,000, to be
paid each to Drs. Singh and Abrams for their monetary contributions and uncompensated time
commitment over a period of approximately four years related to pursuing this matter and other
amounts paid on our behalf. On February 5, 2008, as a result of mediation, we reached a settlement
agreement with the law firm. Although the law firm did not admit to any liability or wrongdoing,
they desired to resolve the dispute and therefore, agreed to pay us $750,000. In exchange for the
settlement, the law firm, any other parties involved in the mediation and us released and waived
any future claims against each other, whether known or unknown at the time of the settlement. In
accordance with our February 2007 board approved payments, $93,750 was paid to Global Strategic Medical
Consulting Inc. of which the sole shareholder of this entity is our Chief Executive Officer, Dr.
Juliet Singh, and $93,750 was paid to The Abrams Family Trust of which our director, Jeffrey
Abrams, M.D., is the trustee, from our settlement with the law firm.
Director and Officer Indemnification Agreements
In addition to the indemnification provisions contained in our charter documents, we generally
enter into separate indemnification agreements with our directors and officers. These agreements
require us, among other things, to indemnify the director or officer against specified expenses and
liabilities, such as attorneys fees, judgments, fines and settlements, paid by the individual in
connection with any action, suit or proceeding arising out of the individuals status or service as
our director or officer, other than liabilities arising from willful misconduct or conduct that is
knowingly fraudulent or deliberately dishonest, and to advance expenses incurred by the individual
in connection with any proceeding against the individual with respect to which the individual may
be entitled to indemnification by us.
Executive and Director Compensation
Please see the sections titled Executive Compensation and Director Compensation for
information regarding the compensation paid to our executive officers and directors.
Company Policy Regarding Related Party Transactions
It is our policy that the disinterested members of our Board of Directors approve or ratify
transactions involving directors, executive officers or principal stockholders or members of their
immediate families or entities controlled by any of them in which they have a substantial ownership
interest in which the amount involved may exceed the lesser of $120,000 or 1% of the average of our
total assets at year end and that are otherwise reportable under SEC disclosure rules. Such
transactions include employment of immediate family members of any director or executive officer.
Management advises the Board of Directors on a regular basis of any such transaction that is
proposed to be entered into or continued and seeks approval.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Aggregate fees for professional services rendered to the company by KMJ Corbin & Company LLP
for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, were:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Audit Fees |
|
$ |
98,750 |
|
|
$ |
67,100 |
|
The Audit Fees for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 were for professional services
rendered for audits and quarterly reviews of our consolidated financial statements, and assistance
with reviews of registration statements and documents filed with the SEC. There were no
Audit-Related Fees, Tax fees or All Other Fees billed by our principal accountant during the years
ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.
Our Board of Directors pre-approves all services to be provided by KMJ Corbin & Company LLP.
KMJ Corbin & Company LLP performed no services, and no fees were incurred or paid, relating to
financial information systems design and implementation. All fees paid to KMJ Corbin & Company LLP
for fiscal 2008 and 2007 were pre-approved by our Board of Directors.
-28-
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
|
(a) |
|
Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules: |
|
|
|
|
The following documents are filed as part of the report: |
|
(1) |
|
See the index to our consolidated financial statements on page F-1 for
a list of the financial statements being filed herein. |
|
|
(2) |
|
All financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not
applicable or the required information is shown in the consolidated
financial statements or other notes thereto. |
|
|
(3) |
|
See the Exhibits under Item 15(b) below for all Exhibits being filed or incorporated by reference herein. |
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
2.1
|
|
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 17, 2007,
by and among Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Transdel
Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and Trans-Pharma Acquisition
Corp. Incorporation (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 2.1 the Current Report on Form 8-K of Transdel
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 21, 2007) |
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the
Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission September 13, 2007) |
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 3.2 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission September
13, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
Form of September 2007 and October 2007 Private Offering
Subscription Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 the Current Report on Form 8-K of Transdel
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 21, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
Form of Warrant to purchase Common Stock (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 10.2 the Current Report on Form 8-K of
Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on September 21, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.3
|
|
Registration Rights Agreement dated October 10, 2007, by and
between Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and each of the
investors signatory thereto (incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 10.3 the Current Report on Form 8-K of Transdel
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 21, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
Placement Agent Agreement, dated September 17, 2007, between
Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and Granite Financial
Group, LLC (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5
the Current Report on Form 8-K of Transdel Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
September 21, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.5
|
|
Placement Agent Agreement, dated September 17, 2007, between
Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and WFG Investments,
Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 the
Current Report on Form 8-K of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September
21, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.6
|
|
Placement Agent Agreement, dated September 17, 2007, by and
between Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and Palladium
Capital Advisors, LLC (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.7 the Current Report on Form 8-K of Transdel
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 21, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.7
|
|
Form of Directors and Officers Indemnification Agreement
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 the Current
Report on Form 8-K of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 21,
2007) |
-29-
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
10.8
|
|
Assignment of Employment Agreement, dated September 17, by and
among Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc., Transdel
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Juliet Singh, Ph.D. (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.9 the Current Report on Form
8-K of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on September 21, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.9
|
|
Employment Agreement, dated June 27, 2007, by and between Transdel
Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. and Juliet Singh, Ph.D.
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.10 the Current
Report on Form 8-K of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on September 21, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.10
|
|
Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2007 Incentive Stock and Awards Plan
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.11 the Current
Report on Form 8-K of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on September 21, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.11
|
|
Form of 2007 Incentive Stock Option Agreement (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 10.12 the Current Report on Form 8-K of
Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on September 21, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.12
|
|
Form of 2007 Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.13 the Current Report on Form 8-K
of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on September 21, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.13
|
|
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 17, 2007, by and
between Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Rolf Harms.
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the
Registration Statement on Form SB-2 of Transdel Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December
7, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.14
|
|
Agreement of Conveyance, Transfer and Assignment of Assets and
Assumption of Obligations, dated as of September 17, 2007, by and
between Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Bywater Resources
Holdings Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to
the Registration Statement on Form SB-2 of Transdel
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on December 7, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.15
|
|
Form of Lock-Up Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Transdel
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on September 21, 2007) |
|
|
|
10.16
|
|
Research and Development Services Agreement, dated October 11,
2007, by and between DPT Laboratories, Ltd. And Transdel
Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.17 to the Registration Statement on Form SB-2 of
Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) (portions of this exhibit
have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential
treatment) |
|
|
|
10.17
|
|
Project Scope Document, effective May 30, 2007, by and between DPT
Laboratories, Ltd. and Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc.
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the
Registration Statement on Form SB-2 of Transdel Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December
27, 2007) (portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to a
request for confidential treatment) |
|
|
|
10.18
|
|
Form of May 2008 Private Offering Subscription Agreement
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 the Current
Report on Form 8-K of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on May 15, 2008) |
|
|
|
10.19
|
|
Form of Warrant to purchase Common Stock (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 the Current Report on Form 8-K of
Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on May 15, 2008) |
|
|
|
10.20
|
|
Clinical Trial Services Agreement by and between Transdel
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Cato Research Ltd. (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on August 11, 2008) |
|
|
|
14
|
|
Amended and Restated Code of Ethics and Business Conduct
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 14 to the Registration
Statement on Form SB-2 of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 7, 2007) |
-30-
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Description |
21
|
|
List of Subsidiaries (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
21 the Current Report on Form 8-K of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 21,
2007) |
|
|
|
31.1
|
|
Section 302 Certification of Principal Executive Officer |
|
|
|
31.2
|
|
Section 302 Certification of Principal Financial Officer |
|
|
|
32
|
|
Section 906 Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer |
|
(c) |
|
Financial Statement Schedules |
All financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required
information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or other notes hereto.
-31-
SIGNATURES
In accordance with the requirements of Section 13 of 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
|
|
|
|
|
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Juliet Singh
|
|
|
|
Name: |
Juliet Singh, Ph.D. |
|
|
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer
|
|
|
|
Date: |
March 26, 2009 |
|
|
In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by
the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
Signature |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Juliet Singh
Juliet Singh, Ph.D.
|
|
President,
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)
|
|
March 26, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ John T. Lomoro
John T. Lomoro
|
|
Chief
Financial Officer (Principal Accounting
and
Financial Officer)
|
|
March 26, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jeffrey J. Abrams
Jeffrey J. Abrams, M.D.
|
|
Director
|
|
March 26, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Anthony S. Thornley
Anthony S. Thornley
|
|
Director
|
|
March 26, 2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Lynn C. Swann
Lynn C. Swann
|
|
Director
|
|
March 26, 2009 |
-32-
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Board of Directors and Stockholders
Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and
subsidiaries (a development stage company) (the Company) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and
the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders equity and cash flows for each of
the two years in the period ended December 31, 2008 and for the period from July 24, 1998 (date of
inception) through December 31, 2008. These consolidated financial statements are the
responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material
misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit on its
internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control
over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the
circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the
Companys internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An
audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the
consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall consolidated
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide for a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all
material respects, the consolidated financial position of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the consolidated results of their operations and
their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2008 and for the period
from July 24, 1998 (date of inception) through December 31, 2008 in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
/s/ KMJ Corbin & Company LLP
KMJ Corbin & Company LLP
Costa Mesa, California
March 18, 2009
F-2
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
5,111,031 |
|
|
$ |
3,706,369 |
|
Prepaid consulting fees |
|
|
29,048 |
|
|
|
488,748 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
193,306 |
|
|
|
45,604 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current assets |
|
|
5,333,385 |
|
|
|
4,240,721 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Computer equipment, net |
|
|
2,450 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
5,335,835 |
|
|
$ |
4,240,721 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable |
|
$ |
698,342 |
|
|
$ |
696,340 |
|
Accrued expenses and payroll liabilities |
|
|
65,651 |
|
|
|
53,901 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities |
|
|
763,993 |
|
|
|
750,241 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments and contingencies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 5,000,000 shares
authorized, none outstanding |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 50,000,000 shares
authorized, 15,556,283 and 13,727,004 shares
outstanding as of December 31, 2008 and 2007,
respectively |
|
|
15,556 |
|
|
|
13,727 |
|
Additional paid-in capital |
|
|
14,938,219 |
|
|
|
10,554,298 |
|
Deficit accumulated during the development stage |
|
|
(10,381,933 |
) |
|
|
(7,077,545 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total stockholders equity |
|
|
4,571,842 |
|
|
|
3,490,480 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
|
$ |
5,335,835 |
|
|
$ |
4,240,721 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.
F-3
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From July 24, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1998 (Inception) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Through |
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative |
|
$ |
1,755,731 |
|
|
$ |
1,026,644 |
|
|
$ |
4,839,312 |
|
Research and development |
|
|
1,990,665 |
|
|
|
1,832,744 |
|
|
|
4,548,409 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating loss |
|
|
3,746,396 |
|
|
|
2,859,388 |
|
|
|
9,387,721 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other income (expense): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,563,504 |
) |
|
|
(1,575,755 |
) |
Interest income |
|
|
67,008 |
|
|
|
48,438 |
|
|
|
116,629 |
|
Gain on settlement |
|
|
375,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
375,000 |
|
Gain on forgiveness of liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
89,914 |
|
|
|
89,914 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other income (expense), net |
|
|
442,008 |
|
|
|
(1,425,152 |
) |
|
|
(994,212 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(3,304,388 |
) |
|
$ |
(4,284,540 |
) |
|
$ |
(10,381,933 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted loss per common share |
|
$ |
(0.22 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.48 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted |
|
|
14,822,062 |
|
|
|
8,846,801 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.
F-4
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2007 AND FOR THE PERIOD FROM JULY 24, 1998
(INCEPTION) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deficit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional |
|
|
During the |
|
|
Stockholders |
|
|
|
Common Stock |
|
Paid-in |
|
|
Development |
|
|
Equity |
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Capital |
|
|
Stage |
|
|
(Deficit) |
|
Balance as of July 24, 1998 (Inception) |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Estimated fair value of services
contributed by stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100,000 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(100,000 |
) |
|
|
(100,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance December 31, 1998 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100,000 |
|
|
|
(100,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Estimated fair value of services
contributed by stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(204,000 |
) |
|
|
(204,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance December 31, 1999 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
300,000 |
|
|
|
(304,000 |
) |
|
|
(4,000 |
) |
Issuance of common stock at $0.006 per
share in May and June 2000 |
|
|
937,500 |
|
|
|
937 |
|
|
|
5,063 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,000 |
|
Estimated fair value of services
contributed by stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(213,092 |
) |
|
|
(213,092 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance December 31, 2000 |
|
|
937,500 |
|
|
|
937 |
|
|
|
505,063 |
|
|
|
(517,092 |
) |
|
|
(11,092 |
) |
Estimated fair value of services
contributed by stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(208,420 |
) |
|
|
(208,420 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance December 31, 2001 |
|
|
937,500 |
|
|
|
937 |
|
|
|
705,063 |
|
|
|
(725,512 |
) |
|
|
(19,512 |
) |
Estimated fair value of services
contributed by stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(228,217 |
) |
|
|
(228,217 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance December 31, 2002 |
|
|
937,500 |
|
|
|
937 |
|
|
|
905,063 |
|
|
|
(953,729 |
) |
|
|
(47,729 |
) |
Estimated fair value of services
contributed by stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
200,000 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(207,196 |
) |
|
|
(207,196 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance December 31, 2003 |
|
|
937,500 |
|
|
|
937 |
|
|
|
1,105,063 |
|
|
|
(1,160,925 |
) |
|
|
(54,925 |
) |
Estimated fair value of services
contributed by stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
400,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
400,000 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(508,226 |
) |
|
|
(508,226 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance December 31, 2004 |
|
|
937,500 |
|
|
|
937 |
|
|
|
1,505,063 |
|
|
|
(1,669,151 |
) |
|
|
(163,151 |
) |
Capital contributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,200 |
|
Issuance of common stock at $0.006 per
share in August 2005 |
|
|
2,453,125 |
|
|
|
2,453 |
|
|
|
13,247 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,700 |
|
Exercise of stock options at $0.006
per share in August 2005 |
|
|
15,625 |
|
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
84 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
100 |
|
Estimated fair value of services
contributed by stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
400,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
400,000 |
|
F-5
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008 AND 2007 AND FOR THE PERIOD FROM JULY 24, 1998
(INCEPTION) THROUGH
DECEMBER 31, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deficit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional |
|
|
During the |
|
|
Stockholders |
|
|
|
Common Stock |
|
Paid-in |
|
|
Development |
|
|
Equity |
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Capital |
|
|
Stage |
|
|
(Deficit) |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(539,622 |
) |
|
|
(539,622 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance December 31, 2005 |
|
|
3,406,250 |
|
|
|
3,406 |
|
|
|
1,932,594 |
|
|
|
(2,208,773 |
) |
|
|
(272,773 |
) |
Capital contributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
48,600 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
48,600 |
|
Exercise of stock options at $0.006 per
share in June and July 2006 |
|
|
375,000 |
|
|
|
375 |
|
|
|
2,025 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,400 |
|
Estimated fair value of services
contributed by stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
400,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
400,000 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(584,232 |
) |
|
|
(584,232 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2006 |
|
|
3,781,250 |
|
|
|
3,781 |
|
|
|
2,383,219 |
|
|
|
(2,793,005 |
) |
|
|
(406,005 |
) |
Issuance of common stock at $0.006 per
share during January through March 2007 |
|
|
3,984,374 |
|
|
|
3,985 |
|
|
|
21,515 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25,500 |
|
Exercise of warrants and stock options
at $0.006 per share in April and August
2007 |
|
|
39,063 |
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
211 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
250 |
|
Capital contributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
105,907 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
105,907 |
|
Estimated fair value of services
contributed by stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
175,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
175,000 |
|
Forgiveness of notes payable and interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
241,701 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
241,701 |
|
Issuance of restricted stock at a value
of $2.00 per share in August 2007 |
|
|
195,313 |
|
|
|
195 |
|
|
|
(195 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of common stock in connection
with merger on September 17, 2007 |
|
|
1,849,993 |
|
|
|
1,850 |
|
|
|
(1,850 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net proceeds from private placement
offering issued at $100,000 per unit in
September and October 2007 |
|
|
2,071,834 |
|
|
|
2,072 |
|
|
|
3,835,719 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,837,791 |
|
Issuance of common stock related to
conversion of Senior Convertible notes
payable and accrued interest |
|
|
1,530,177 |
|
|
|
1,530 |
|
|
|
1,528,647 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,530,177 |
|
Beneficial conversion feature upon
conversion of Senior Convertible notes
payable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,530,177 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,530,177 |
|
Issuance of common stock and warrants
for consulting services in September
2007 at a value of $2.00 per share for
stock transactions and $100,000 per unit
for stock and warrant transaction |
|
|
275,000 |
|
|
|
275 |
|
|
|
549,725 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
550,000 |
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
184,522 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
184,522 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,284,540 |
) |
|
|
(4,284,540 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2007 |
|
|
13,727,004 |
|
|
$ |
13,727 |
|
|
$ |
10,554,298 |
|
|
$ |
(7,077,545 |
) |
|
|
3,490,480 |
|
Net proceeds from private placement
offering issued at $110,000 per unit in
May 2008 and final costs of 2007 private
placement offering |
|
|
1,818,180 |
|
|
|
1,818 |
|
|
|
3,939,483 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,941,301 |
|
Adjustment and issuance of common stock,
warrant and stock options related to
consulting services agreements |
|
|
(13,901 |
) |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
(117,979 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(117,993 |
) |
Issuance of restricted stock at a value
of $0.70 per share in November 2008 |
|
|
25,000 |
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
(25 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
562,442 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
562,442 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3,304,388 |
) |
|
|
(3,304,388 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2008 |
|
|
15,556,283 |
|
|
$ |
15,556 |
|
|
$ |
14,938,219 |
|
|
$ |
(10,381,933 |
) |
|
$ |
4,571,842 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For The Period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From July 24, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1998 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Inception) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Through |
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(3,304,388 |
) |
|
$ |
(4,284,540 |
) |
|
$ |
(10,381,933 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated fair value of contributed services |
|
|
|
|
|
|
175,000 |
|
|
|
2,475,000 |
|
Gain on forgiveness of liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(89,914 |
) |
|
|
(89,914 |
) |
Amortization of prepaid consulting fees |
|
|
341,708 |
|
|
|
201,252 |
|
|
|
542,960 |
|
Depreciation |
|
|
704 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
704 |
|
Non-cash interest on notes payable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,563,504 |
|
|
|
1,575,755 |
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
562,442 |
|
|
|
184,522 |
|
|
|
746,963 |
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prepaid consulting costs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(140,000 |
) |
|
|
(140,000 |
) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
|
|
(147,702 |
) |
|
|
(39,908 |
) |
|
|
(193,306 |
) |
Accounts payable |
|
|
2,001 |
|
|
|
612,562 |
|
|
|
788,256 |
|
Accrued expenses and payroll liabilities |
|
|
11,750 |
|
|
|
53,901 |
|
|
|
65,651 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in operating activities |
|
|
(2,533,485 |
) |
|
|
(1,763,621 |
) |
|
|
(4,609,864 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of fixed assets |
|
|
(3,154 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3,154 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
(3,154 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3,154 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from notes payable to stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
226,300 |
|
Proceeds from notes payable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,500,000 |
|
|
|
1,500,000 |
|
Capital contributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
105,907 |
|
|
|
168,707 |
|
Net proceeds from purchase of common stock and exercise of warrants and
stock options |
|
|
|
|
|
|
25,750 |
|
|
|
49,950 |
|
Proceeds from Private Placements |
|
|
3,941,301 |
|
|
|
3,837,791 |
|
|
|
7,779,092 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
3,941,301 |
|
|
|
5,469,448 |
|
|
|
9,724,049 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
1,404,662 |
|
|
|
3,705,827 |
|
|
|
5,111,031 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |
|
|
3,706,369 |
|
|
|
542 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period |
|
$ |
5,111,031 |
|
|
$ |
3,706,369 |
|
|
$ |
5,111,031 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of and adjustment to common stock and warrants to consulting firms
for prepaid consulting fees |
|
$ |
(117,993 |
) |
|
$ |
550,000 |
|
|
$ |
432,007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conversion of notes payable and accrued interest into common stock |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
1,530,177 |
|
|
$ |
1,530,177 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forgiveness of notes payable and accrued interest to shareholders |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
241,701 |
|
|
$ |
241,701 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conversion of advances to notes payable to shareholders |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
196,300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See
accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.
F-7
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1. Business Description
Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Transdel) is a specialty pharmaceutical company developing
non-invasive, topically-delivered medications. Our innovative patented Transdel cream formulation
technology is designed to facilitate the effective penetration of drugs through the tough skin
barrier to reach the target underlying tissues. In the case of Ketotransdel®, the Transdel cream
allows the active ingredient ketoprofen to reach the target soft tissue and exert its well-known
anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. We are also investigating other drug candidates and
treatments for transdermal delivery using the patented Transdel platform technology for products
in pain management, other therapeutic areas and for cosmetic/cosmeceutical products.
Note 2. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States, and with the rules and regulations of the
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) related to an annual report on Form 10-K. The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Transdel Pharmaceuticals Inc. and its
wholly-owned subsidiary, Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. (collectively, the Company).
All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Note 3. Merger with Public Company and Reorganization
On September 17, 2007, Transdel entered into an Agreement of Merger and Plan of Reorganization (the
Merger Agreement) by and among Transdel, Transdel Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc., a privately
held Nevada corporation (Transdel Holdings), and Trans-Pharma Acquisition Corp., a newly formed,
wholly-owned Delaware subsidiary of Transdel (Acquisition Sub). Upon closing of the merger
transaction contemplated under the Merger Agreement (the Merger), Acquisition Sub merged with and
into Transdel Holdings, and Transdel Holdings, as the surviving corporation, became a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Transdel.
In connection with the merger, 1,849,993 of Transdel common shares remain outstanding and all other
outstanding shares of Transdel were cancelled. Also, at the closing of the Merger, each share of
Transdel Holdings common stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the closing of the
Merger was exchanged for the right to receive 0.15625 of one share of Transdels common stock. An
aggregate of 8,000,000 shares of Transdels common stock, which includes 195,313 shares of
restricted stock which were subject to forfeiture (see Note 7), were issued to the holders of
Transdel Holdings common stock. As a result of the transaction, the former owners of Transdel
Holdings became the controlling stockholders of Transdel. Accordingly, the merger of Transdel
Holdings and Transdel is a reverse merger that has been accounted for as a recapitalization of
Transdel Holdings.
Effective on September 17, 2007, and for all reporting periods thereafter, Transdels operating
activities, including any prior comparative period, will include only those of Transdel Holdings.
All references to shares and per share amounts in the accompanying consolidated financial
statements and footnotes have been restated to reflect the aforementioned share exchange.
Note 4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Development Stage Enterprise. The Company is a development stage company as defined in
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 7, Accounting and Reporting by Development
Stage Enterprises. The Company is devoting substantially all of its present efforts to establish a
new business, and its planned principal operations have not yet commenced. All losses accumulated
since inception have been considered as part of the Companys development stage activities.
These consolidated financial statements contemplate the realization of assets and the satisfaction
of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company is a development stage enterprise and
has sustained significant losses since Inception and expects to continue to incur losses through
2009. As discussed in Note 6, the Company raised an additional $4,000,000 ($3,978,000 proceeds, net
of fees) in May 2008 as a result of an issuance of equity securities in a private placement.
Management believes its cash and cash equivalents balance as of December 31, 2008 is sufficient to
meet the Companys capital and operating requirements for the next 12 months to execute a portion
of their operating plan, which would include completing the Phase 3 trial currently in progress.
Therefore, this has alleviated the substantial doubt about the Companys ability to continue as a
going concern that existed as of December 31, 2007.
F-8
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
In order to execute the second Phase 3 clinical trial for Ketotransdel®, which is currently
required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to obtain final regulatory approval for
Ketotransdel®, the Company will need to secure additional funds. through various means,
including equity and debt financing, funding from a corporate partnership or licensing arrangement
or any similar financing. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain
additional debt or equity financing, if and when needed, on terms acceptable to the Company. Any
additional equity or debt financing may involve substantial dilution to the Companys stockholders, restrictive covenants or high interest costs. The failure to raise needed
funds on sufficiently favorable terms could have a material adverse effect on the execution of the
Companys business plan, operating results or financial condition. The Companys long term
liquidity also depends upon its ability to generate revenues from the sale of its products and
achieve profitability. The failure to achieve these goals could have a material adverse effect on
the execution of the Companys business plan, operating results or financial condition.
Research and Development. Research and development costs are charged to expense when incurred.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of
three months or less from the original purchase date.
Concentrations of Credit Risk. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to
significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The
Company invests its excess cash balances (approximately $1,480,000 as of December 31, 2008) in a
combination of government issued and government backed securities. The remaining amount of cash is
held in the form of multiple short term certificates of deposit, all of which are insured by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) as they are individually under the insured maximum
of $250,000.
Computer Equipment. Computer equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.
Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of three
years.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The fair values of the Companys cash and cash equivalents,
accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate carrying values due to their short maturities.
Beneficial Conversion Feature. The convertible features of the convertible notes provided for a
rate of conversion that was below market value (see Note 5). Such feature is normally characterized
as a beneficial conversion feature (BCF). Pursuant to Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) No.
98-5 Accounting For Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features or Contingently
Adjustable Conversion Ratio and EITF No. 00-27,Application of EITF Issue No. 98-5 To Certain
Convertible Instruments, the relative fair values of the BCFs have been recorded as a discount
from the face amount of the respective debt instrument. The Company recorded the corresponding debt
discount related to the BCF as interest expense when the related instrument was converted into the
Companys common stock.
Revenue Recognition. The Company will recognize revenues in accordance with the SECs Staff
Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 101, Revenue Recognition, as amended by SAB No. 104. SAB No. 104
requires that four basic criteria must be met before revenue can be recognized: (1) persuasive
evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred; (3) the selling price is fixed and
determinable; and (4) collectibility is reasonably assured. Determination of criteria (3) and (4)
will be based on managements judgments regarding the fixed nature of the selling prices of the
products delivered and the collectibility of those amounts. Provisions for discounts and rebates to
customers, estimated returns and allowances, and other adjustments will be provided for in the same
period the related sales are recorded. The Company will defer any revenue for which the product has
not been delivered or for which services have not been rendered or are subject to refund until such
time that the Company and the customer jointly determine that the product has been delivered or
services have been rendered or no refund will be required.
As of December 31, 2008, the Company had not generated any revenues and the Company does not
anticipate that it will generate any revenues until one or more of its drug candidates are approved
by the FDA or until the Company is able to commercialize one or more of its cosmetic products.
Also, effective sales and marketing support must be in place for either the drug candidates or the
cosmetic products in order to generate any revenues. The FDA approval process is highly uncertain
and the Company cannot estimate when it will generate revenues at this time from sales of its
products.
F-9
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Stock-Based Compensation. Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, (''SFAS 123R), which is a
revision of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. SFAS 123R supersedes APB No. 25,
Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and amends SFAS No. 95, Statement
of Cash Flows. SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of stock
options to employees, directors and consultants and restricted stock grants, to be recognized in
the financial statements based upon their fair values. The Company recorded total stock-based
compensation for employees, directors and consultants of $562,442, $184,522 and $746,963 for the
years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the period from Inception through December 31, 2008,
respectively, for options and restricted stock granted and vested which is included in selling,
general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses in the amount of $284,750
and $277,692, $120,943 and $63,579, and $348,328 and $398,635, respectively. The fair value of the
unvested stock options and restricted stock grants amounted to $679,210 as of December 31, 2008.
The Companys accounting policy for equity instruments issued to consultants and vendors in
exchange for goods and services follows the provisions of SFAS No. 123, EITF No. 96-18, Accounting
for Equity Instruments That are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction
with Selling, Goods or Services, and EITF No. 00-18, Accounting Recognition for Certain
Transactions Involving Equity Instruments Granted to Other Than Employees. As such, the value of
the applicable stock-based compensation is periodically remeasured and income or expense is
recognized during their vesting terms. The measurement date for the fair value of the equity
instruments issued is determined at the earlier of (i) the date at which a commitment for
performance by the consultant or vendor is reached or (ii) the date at which the consultant or
vendors performance is complete. In the case of equity instruments issued to consultants, the fair
value of the equity instrument is recognized over the term of the consulting agreement. In
accordance with EITF No. 00-18, an asset acquired in exchange for the issuance of fully vested,
nonforfeitable equity instruments should not be presented or classified as an offset to equity on
the grantors balance sheet once the equity instrument is granted for accounting purposes.
Accordingly, the Company recorded the fair value of nonforfeitable equity instruments issued for
future consulting services as prepaid consulting fees in its consolidated balance sheets (see Note
6).
Basic and Diluted Loss per Common Share. In accordance with SFAS No. 128, Earnings Per Share, and
SAB No. 98, Computation of Earnings Per Share, basic net loss per common share is computed by
dividing net loss for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during
the period. Under SFAS No. 128, diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss
for the period by the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares, such as stock
options and warrants outstanding during the period.
Basic and diluted net loss applicable to common stock per share is computed using the weighted
average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Common stock equivalents (prior to
application of the treasury stock, if converted method) from stock options and warrants were 1,887,730 and 1,180,458 for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007,
respectively, are excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share for all periods
presented because the effect is anti-dilutive.
Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles in the United States requires management to make estimates and judgments that
affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses
during the reporting periods. Significant estimates made by management are, among others, the
valuation of contributed services, stock options, deferred taxes and stock-based compensation
issued to employees and non-employees. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Note 5. Notes Payable
In August 2005, the Company issued seven convertible promissory notes in the aggregate amount of
$226,300 to various stockholders (collectively, the Stockholders Notes). The Stockholders Notes
bore interest at 4% per annum and were to mature on August 25, 2010. In connection with the
issuance of the Stockholders Notes, the Company granted warrants that were exercisable into an
aggregate 35,359 shares of the Companys common stock. The warrants were determined to have an
insignificant fair value at the time of the grant.
In May 2007, the holders of the Stockholders Notes and related warrants forgave the amounts due
and forfeited the related warrants. In connection with the forgiveness, the Company recorded
additional paid-in capital of $241,701 equal to the value of the Stockholders Notes and related
accrued interest. Interest expense on the Stockholders Notes was $3,150 and $15,401 for the year
ended December 31, 2007 and the period from Inception through December 31, 2008, respectively. In
May and June 2007, the Company issued convertible notes payable to various lenders for an aggregate
amount of $1,500,000 (collectively, the 2007 Notes).
F-10
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 5. Notes Payable (continued)
Each of the 2007 Notes included interest at 7% per annum and were to mature on December 16, 2007
(Maturity Date). However, as a result of the Merger and Private Placement (see Note 6), the
entire outstanding principal amount and accrued interest was converted into the Companys common
stock at a conversion price equal to $1.00 per share, which resulted in the issuance of 1,530,177
shares.
Also, the Company recorded a debt discount of $1,530,177, which was amortized immediately to
interest expense upon the conversion of the 2007 Notes. Excluding the debt discount, interest
expense on the 2007 Notes was $30,177 and $30,177 for the year ended December 31, 2007 and the
period from Inception through December 31, 2008.
Note 6. Stockholders Equity
Prior to the Merger during fiscal year 2007, the Company issued 3,984,374 shares of its common
stock at a price of $0.006 per share for proceeds of $25,700, which includes the issuance of 31,250
shares upon the exercise of a warrant (see below). Also, prior to the Merger, the Company received
capital contributions of $105,907 from the Companys stockholders and recorded capital
contributions of $175,000 (the estimated fair value of the services contributed) in connection with
services contributed by stockholders, which is recorded respectively in selling, general and
administrative and research and development expenses in the accompanying statements of operations.
Concurrent with the Merger, the Company sold 2,071,834 shares of common stock for gross proceeds of
$4,143,667 through a private placement (the Private Placement). In addition, the investors
received warrants to purchase 517,958 shares of common stock for a period of five years at a cash
and cashless exercise price of $4.00 and $5.00 per share, respectively.
In connection with the Private Placement, the Company incurred placement agent fees and other
related expenses totaling $342,105 (of which $36,229 was paid in fiscal year 2008) and issued
warrants to purchase up to 33,750 shares of common stock for a period of three years at cash and
cashless exercise price of $4.00 and $5.00 per share, respectively.
On May 12, 2008, the Company sold 1,818,180 shares of common stock for gross proceeds of $4,000,000
through a follow-on private placement (the Follow-on Private Placement) to accredited investors.
In addition, the investors received warrants to purchase 227,272 shares of common stock for a
period of five years at a cash and cashless exercise price of $4.40 and $5.50 per share,
respectively. In connection with the Follow-On Private Placement, the Company incurred expenses of
$22,470, which was recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in capital.
In September 2007, the Company entered into three, one-year consulting agreements with three
separate firms to provide services related to investor communications. The terms per one of the
agreements, among other items, include monthly payments of $7,500 plus expenses and for another
agreement a non-refundable fee of $140,000. Also, in the aggregate, 275,000 shares of common stock
were issued in accordance with the terms of the agreements along with a warrant to purchase 18,750
shares of common stock for a period of five years at a cash and cashless exercise price of $4.00
and $5.00, respectively. The fair value of the stock and warrants were valued at $550,000. The
estimated costs of the consulting agreements, including the stock, warrants and non-refundable fee
were amortized over the one-year terms.
In accordance with EITF No. 00-18, 100,000 of the 275,000 shares of common stock were subject to
remeasurement on a periodic basis as the performance condition for these shares was not satisfied
until the end of the contract term. The remeasurement for the 100,000 shares was completed in two
stages. First, in February 2008, the consulting agreement associated with these shares was
terminated and as a condition of the termination, the firm retained 50,000 shares and transferred
the remaining 50,000 shares to another firm. Therefore, since the performance obligation related to
the 50,000 shares, retained by the terminated consulting firm, was complete they were revalued as
of the February termination date to $60,000. This was the fair market value of the shares on the
February 2008 termination date of which approximately $30,000 was recorded as an expense in each of
the fiscal years 2008 and 2007. Due to the final valuation of these shares an adjustment of
$40,000 was recorded to decrease prepaid consulting costs and additional paid-in capital as the
original value of these shares was $100,000. Second, the remaining 50,000 shares that were
transferred to the other firm were intended to be utilized for the payment of investor relation
services. During fiscal year 2008, through quarterly revaluations of these shares, the Company
recorded a net decrease of $7,500 to prepaid consulting costs and additional paid-in capital. The
Company originally estimated that these shares would be utilized and earned for investor relations
services by the end of the one-year term, however, these 50,000 shares along with 32,568 (for an
aggregate of 82,568) shares from the
issuance of common stock to one of the other consulting firms were not earned as of the termination
of the respective agreements. As a result, the aggregate expense recognized to date for the 82,568
shares of approximately $158,000 was reversed during fiscal year
2008 and since shares were considered not to be issued or outstanding, the same value was deducted
(in the aggregate) from common stock and additional paid in capital.
F-11
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 6. Stockholders Equity (continued)
On October 27, 2008, the Company entered into an agreement with an investor relations firm (IR
Firm), pursuant to which the IR Firm will provide certain investor relations and public relations
services to the Company for a period of one year, beginning on November 1, 2008. In exchange for
such services, the Company issued the 82,568 registered shares of its common stock, of which 68,667
shares are nonforfeitable (valued at $85,834 and recorded as prepaid consulting fees in the
accompanying consolidated balance sheet) and 13,901 shares are forfeitable, to the IR Firm as a
prepayment of services to be received. Beginning on or about March 1, 2009, the Company has agreed
to issue an additional 22,889 shares of unregistered common stock to the IR Firm on a monthly basis
thereafter for the term of the agreement. Since 13,901 shares are forfeitable and unearned as of
December 31, 2008, the shares are being held for final disposition for investor relation services
to be provided to the Company. As a result, in accordance with EITF Topic D-90, these shares are
not considered issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2008. The Company intends to utilize
these shares for payment of investor relation services during the first half of fiscal year 2009.
On April 24, 2008, the Company entered into a one-year consulting agreement with a firm to provide
the Company with financial advisory services. As compensation for the services, the Company issued
a three-year warrant to purchase 5,000 shares of the Companys common stock at a cash and cashless
price of $2.00 per share. The fair value of the warrant, determined based on the Black-Scholes
pricing model, was valued at $1,310, which is being amortized over the one-year term.
For the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the period from Inception through
December 31, 2008, the Company amortized $341,708, $201,252 and $542,960, respectively, of prepaid
consulting fees which is included as part of selling, general and administrative expenses.
Other common stock and capital contributions:
|
|
In fiscal year 1998, the Company
recorded capital contributions of
$100,000 (the estimated fair value of
the services contributed) in connection
with services contributed by
stockholders, which is recorded
respectively in selling, general and
administrative and research and
development expenses in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations. |
|
|
|
In fiscal year 1999, the Company
recorded capital contributions of
$200,000 (the estimated fair value of
the services contributed) in connection
with services contributed by
stockholders, which is recorded
respectively in selling, general and
administrative and research and
development expenses in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations. |
|
|
|
In fiscal year 2000, the Company issued
937,500 shares of common stock at a
price of $0.006 per share for proceeds
of $6,000. Also, recorded capital
contributions of $200,000 (the estimated
fair value of the services contributed)
in connection with services contributed
by stockholders, which is recorded
respectively in selling, general and
administrative and research and
development expenses in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations. |
|
|
|
In fiscal year 2001, the Company
recorded capital contributions of
$200,000 (the estimated fair value of
the services contributed) in connection
with services contributed by
stockholders, which is recorded
respectively in selling, general and
administrative and research and
development expenses in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations. |
|
|
|
In fiscal year 2002, the Company
recorded capital contributions of
$200,000 (the estimated fair value of
the services contributed) in connection
with services contributed by
stockholders, which is recorded
respectively in selling, general and
administrative and research and
development expenses in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations. |
|
|
|
In fiscal year 2003, the Company
recorded capital contributions of
$200,000 (the estimated fair value of
the services contributed) in connection
with services contributed by
stockholders, which is recorded
respectively in selling, general and
administrative and research and
development expenses in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations. |
|
|
|
In fiscal year 2004, the Company
recorded capital contributions of
$400,000 (the estimated fair value of
the services contributed) in connection
with services contributed by
stockholders, which is recorded
respectively in selling, general and
administrative and research and
development expenses in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations. |
F-12
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 6. Stockholders Equity (continued)
|
|
In fiscal year 2004, the Company
recorded capital contributions of
$400,000 (the estimated fair value of
the services contributed) in connection
with services contributed by
stockholders, which is recorded
respectively in selling, general and
administrative and research and
development expenses in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations. |
|
|
|
In fiscal year 2005, the Company issued
2,468,750 shares of common stock at a
price of $0.006 per share for gross
proceeds of $15,800. The Company
received additional capital
contributions of $14,200 from the
Companys stockholders. Also, recorded
capital contributions of $400,000 (the
estimated fair value of the services
contributed) in connection with services
contributed by stockholders, which is
recorded respectively in selling,
general and administrative and research
and development expenses in the
accompanying consolidated statements of
operations. |
|
|
|
In fiscal year 2006, the Company issued
375,000 shares of common stock at a
price of $0.006 per share for gross
proceeds of $2,400. The Company received
additional capital contributions of
$48,600 from the Companys stockholders.
Also, recorded capital contributions of
$400,000 (the estimated fair value of
the services contributed) in connection
with services contributed by
stockholders, which is recorded
respectively in selling, general and
administrative and research and
development expenses in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations. |
Note 7. Stock Option Plan
On September 17, 2007, the Companys Board of Directors and stockholders adopted the 2007 Incentive
Stock and Awards Plan (the Plan), which provides for the issuance of a maximum of an aggregate of
3,000,000 (as amended on November 5, 2008) shares of Common Stock. The purpose of the Plan is to
provide an incentive to attract and retain directors, officers, consultants, advisors and employees
whose services are considered valuable, to encourage a sense of proprietorship and to stimulate an
active interest of such persons into the Companys development and financial success. Under the
Plan, the Company is authorized to issue incentive stock options intended to qualify under Section
422 of the Code, non-qualified stock options and restricted stock. The Plan will be administered by
the Companys Board of Directors until such time as such authority has been delegated to a
committee of the board of directors.
Pursuant to the terms of the Private Placement, the Company was restricted from issuing options to
purchase shares of common stock at an exercise price below $2.00 per share through September 17,
2008. In addition, the Company was restricted through March 17, 2009 from filing a registration
statement, covering the resale of any shares of common stock issued pursuant to the Plan.
A summary of the Plan for the year ended December 31, 2008 is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted |
|
|
Ave. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ave. |
|
|
Remaining |
|
|
Aggregate |
|
|
|
Number |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Contractual |
|
|
Intrinsic |
|
|
|
of Shares |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Life |
|
|
Value |
|
Outstanding January 1, 2008 |
|
|
610,000 |
|
|
$ |
2.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted |
|
|
925,000 |
|
|
|
1.56 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cancelled/forfeited |
|
|
(450,000 |
) |
|
|
2.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding December 31, 2008 |
|
|
1,085,000 |
|
|
$ |
1.63 |
|
|
|
9.3 |
|
|
$ |
80,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable December 31, 2008 |
|
|
288,333 |
|
|
$ |
2.02 |
|
|
|
8.9 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vested and expected to vest December 31, 2008 |
|
|
1,058,500 |
|
|
$ |
1.66 |
|
|
|
9.3 |
|
|
$ |
72,050 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-13
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 7. Stock Option Plans (continued)
The options were granted to the employees, directors and a consultant at exercise prices that
ranged from $0.70 to $2.62, the estimated fair market value of the common stock on the date of the
issuance. All options granted to date expire on the ten year anniversary of the issuance date and
vest on a quarterly basis over three months to five years. The Company uses the Black-Scholes
option pricing model to estimate the grant-date fair value of share-based awards under SFAS 123R.
The Black-Scholes model requires subjective assumptions regarding future stock price volatility and
expected time to exercise, along with assumptions about the risk-free interest rate and expected
dividends, which affect the estimated fair values of the Companys stock-based awards. The expected
term of options granted was determined in accordance with the simplified approach as defined by SAB
No. 107, Share-Based Payment as the Company has very limited historical data on employee exercises
and post-vesting employment termination behavior. The expected volatility is based on the
historical volatilities of the common stock of comparable publicly traded companies based on the
Companys belief that it currently has limited historical data regarding the volatility of its
stock price on which to base a meaningful estimate of expected volatility. The risk-free rate
selected to value any particular grant is based on the U.S. Treasury rate that corresponds to the
expected term of the grant effective as of the date of the grant. The Company used 0% as an
expected dividend yield assumption. These factors could change in the future, affecting the
determination of stock-based compensation expense in future periods. Utilizing these assumptions,
the fair value is determined at the date of grant. The Company recorded total stock-based
compensation for employees and directors of $556,671, $184,522 and $741,192 for the years ended
December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the period from Inception through December 31, 2008, respectively,
for options and restricted stock granted and vested which is included in general and administrative
expenses and research and development expenses in the amount of $278,979 and $277,692, $120,943 and
$63,579, and $342,557 and $398,635, respectively.
The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pre-tax amount, net of
exercise price, which would have been received by option holders if all option holders had
exercised all options with an exercise price lower than the market price on December 31, 2008,
based on the closing price of the Companys common stock of $1.00 on that date.
In accordance with SFAS 123R, the financial statement effect of forfeitures is estimated at the
time of grant and revised, if necessary, if the actual effect differs from those estimates.
Starting with options granted in November 2008, the Company assigned a forfeiture factor of 10%,
which will be assigned to future director and employee options. This percentage was determined
based on consideration of actual forfeitures realized during fiscal year 2008 and estimated
forfeitures to potentially occur in the future.
As of December 31, 2008, there was $679,210 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to
unvested stock-based compensation under the Plan. That expense is expected to be recognized over
the weighted-average period of 2.6 years.
Furthermore, in August 2007, the Company issued a restricted stock grant to an executive of the
Company for 195,313 shares of the Companys common stock upon closing of the Merger (See Note 3).
The restricted stock grant was scheduled to vest 100% on March 17, 2009 and valued at approximately
$391,000, which was being amortized over the 18 month period. However, on April 4, 2008, the
Companys Board of Directors waived any restrictions or forfeiture conditions on the shares of
restricted common stock in conjunction with the executives resignation and a separation agreement
entered into between the Company and the executive. Therefore, the remaining unrecognized expense
of $236,000 was fully amortized as a result of the waiver of the restrictions and forfeiture
conditions.
Also, on November 21, 2008, the Company issued a restricted stock grant to a director of the
Company for 25,000 shares of the Companys common stock. The restricted stock grant is scheduled to
vest over a one-year period, with one-quarter of the total number of shares subject to such grant
vesting on the first quarterly anniversary of the grant date, and one-quarter of the total number
of shares vesting on a quarterly basis thereafter. The fair value of the grant was determined to
be $17,500 and will be amortized to selling, general and administrative expenses on a straight line
basis over the one-year vesting period. As of December 31, 2008, there was $15,313 of total
unrecognized compensation expense related to the unvested restricted stock grant. Also, if the
director terminates his service prior to the end of the one-year period, any unvested portion of
the restricted stock grant will be subject to forfeiture.
The table below illustrates the fair value per share and Black-Scholes option pricing model with
the following assumptions used for grants issued to employees and directors during the years ended
December 31, 2008 and 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
Weighted-average fair value of options granted
|
|
$ |
0.65 |
|
|
$ |
1.48 |
|
Expected term (in years)
|
|
|
6.1 |
|
|
|
6.0 |
|
Expected volatility
|
|
|
85 |
% |
|
|
85 |
% |
Risk-free interest rate
|
|
|
2.73 |
% |
|
|
4.14 |
% |
Dividend yield
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
On December 19, 2008, the Board of Directors approved and the Company entered into a consulting
agreement with a firm to provide the Company with business development services. As part of the
compensation for the services, the Company issued the firm a non-qualified stock option, under the
Plan, to purchase up to 50,000 shares of common stock. The stock option will vest in full on March
19, 2009 if the agreement is still effective and has not been terminated by either party prior to
that date. The option was granted with an exercise price of $0.99 and has a ten year life.
F-14
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 7. Stock Option Plan (continued)
The estimated fair value of the stock option at December 31, 2008, based on the Black-Scholes
pricing model was $34,625, which is being amortized over the three month term. As of December 31,
2008, there was $28,854 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to this unvested stock
option grant.
The table below illustrates the fair value per share and Black-Scholes option pricing model with
the following assumptions used for the grant issued to the consulting firm during the year ended
December 31, 2008:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
Weighted-average fair value of option granted |
|
$ |
0.69 |
|
Expected term (in years) |
|
|
5.5 |
|
Expected volatility |
|
|
85 |
% |
Risk-free interest rate |
|
|
1.13 |
% |
Dividend yield |
|
|
|
|
Note 8. Stock Warrants
In addition to the warrants issued in conjunction with the Private Placement and the Follow-On
Private Placement, the Company issued a warrant to purchase shares of its common stock to a firm in
connection with a consulting agreement at an exercise price of $2.00. The expiration of the
outstanding warrants occurs through May 2013 at various periods (see Note 6).
A summary of the status of the warrants for the year ended December 31, 2008 is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Weighted- |
|
|
|
Subject to |
|
|
Average |
|
|
|
Warrants |
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
|
Outstanding |
|
|
Price |
|
Warrants outstanding January 1, 2008 |
|
|
570,458 |
|
|
$ |
4.00 |
|
Granted |
|
|
232,272 |
|
|
|
4.35 |
|
Exercised |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expired |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warrants outstanding December 31, 2008 |
|
|
802,730 |
|
|
$ |
4.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average remaining contractual
life of the outstanding warrants
December 31, 2008 |
|
3.81 years |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note 9. Income Taxes
On July 13, 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Interpretation No.
(FIN) 48. Under FIN 48, the impact of an uncertain income tax positions on the income tax return
must be recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit by
the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has
50% or less likelihood of being sustained upon examination. Additionally, FIN 48 provides guidance
on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure
and transition. For public companies, FIN 48 was effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2006.
The Company has evaluated the impact of FIN 48 on its financial statements, which was effective
beginning January 1, 2007. The evaluation of a tax position in accordance with FIN 48 is a two-step
process. The first step is recognition: The enterprise determines whether it is
more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution
of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position. In
evaluating whether a tax position has met the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the enterprise should presume that the position will be examined by the
appropriate taxing authority that would have full knowledge of all relevant information. The second
step is measurement: A tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is measured to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the
financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater
than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously
failed to meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be recognized in the first
subsequent financial reporting period in which that threshold is met. Previously recognized tax
positions that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be derecognized
in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which that threshold is no longer met. The
Company believes that its income tax filing positions and deductions will be sustained on audit and
does not anticipate any adjustments that will result in a material change to its financial
position. Therefore, no reserves for uncertain income tax positions have been recorded pursuant to
FIN 48. The cumulative effect, if any, of applying FIN 48 is to be reported as an adjustment to the
opening balance of retained earnings in the year of adoption. The Company did not record a
cumulative effect adjustment related to the adoption of FIN 48.
F-15
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 9. Income Taxes (continued)
The Companys practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in
income tax expense. The Company had no accrual for interest or penalties at December 31, 2008 and
2007, and has not recognized interest and/or penalties in the consolidated statements of operations
for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.
The Company is subject to taxation in the United States and California. The Companys tax years for
2000 and forward are subject to examination by the United States and state tax authorities due to
the carry forward of unutilized net operating losses.
At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had deferred tax assets of $2,716,094 and $1,186,226,
respectively. Due to uncertainties surrounding the Companys ability to generate future taxable
income to realize these assets, a full valuation has been established to offset the net deferred
tax asset. Additionally, the future utilization of the companys net operating loss to offset
future taxable income may be subject to an annual limitation, pursuant to Internal Revenue Code
Section 382, as a result of ownership changes that may have occurred previously or that could occur
in the future. The Company has not performed a Section 382 analysis to determine the limitation of
the net operating loss and research and development credit carry forwards.
As of December 31, 2008, the Company had federal and California net operating loss carryforwards of
approximately $5.8 million and $5.6 million, respectively. The federal and California tax loss
carry forwards will begin to expire in 2020, and 2015, respectively, unless previously utilized.
The Company has federal and California research and development tax credit carryforwards of
approximately $161,000 and $168,000 respectively which begin to expire in 2027 unless previously
utilized.
Significant components of the companys deferred tax assets are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
Deferred tax assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal and state net operating loss carryforwards |
|
$ |
2,295,402 |
|
|
$ |
1,106,112 |
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
|
134,688 |
|
|
|
60,404 |
|
Tax credits |
|
|
271,618 |
|
|
|
|
|
Other |
|
|
14,386 |
|
|
|
19,710 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total deferred tax assets |
|
|
2,716,094 |
|
|
|
1,186,226 |
|
Less valuation allowance |
|
|
(2,716,094 |
) |
|
|
(1,186,226 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net deferred tax assets |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income,
the amount and timing of which are uncertain. Accordingly, the net deferred tax assets have been
fully offset by a valuation allowance. The valuation allowance increased by approximately $1.5
million and $991,000 in 2008 and 2007, respectively.
F-16
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 9. Income Taxes (continued)
The provision for income taxes using the statutory federal income tax rate of 34% as compared to
the companys effective tax rate is summarized as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal tax benefit at statutory rate |
|
$ |
1,123,492 |
|
|
$ |
1,456,744 |
|
State tax benefit, net |
|
|
181,563 |
|
|
|
239,314 |
|
Non-deductible services |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(69,563 |
) |
Non-deductible beneficial conversion costs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(621,492 |
) |
Research and development credits |
|
|
271,618 |
|
|
|
|
|
Employee stock-based compensation |
|
|
(56,929 |
) |
|
|
(12,944 |
) |
Other differences |
|
|
10,124 |
|
|
|
(595 |
) |
Increase in valuation allowance |
|
|
(1,529,868 |
) |
|
|
(991,464 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A portion of the net operating loss carry forwards as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 include amounts
related to stock option deductions. Under SFAS 123R, any excess tax benefits from share-based
compensation are only realized when income taxes payable is reduced, with the corresponding credit
posted to Additional Paid-in Capital.
Note 10. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The following pronouncements have been issued by the FASB:
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R, Business Combinations. SFAS No. 141R provides
companies with principles and requirements on how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its
financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling
interest in the acquiree as well as the recognition and measurement of goodwill acquired in a
business combination. SFAS No. 141R also requires certain disclosures to enable users of the
financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination.
Acquisition costs associated with the business combination will generally be expensed as incurred.
SFAS No. 141R is effective for business combinations occurring in fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2008. Early adoption of SFAS No. 141R is not permitted. The Company is currently
evaluating the impact SFAS No. 141R will have on any future business combinations.
The Company adopted SFAS, No. 157, Fair Value Measurements. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB
Staff Position (FSP) No. 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157, which provides a one
year deferral of the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for non-financial assets and non-financial
liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed in the financial statements at fair
value in the financial statements on a recurring basis, at least annually. The delay is intended to
allow FASB and constituents additional time to consider the effect of various implementation issued
that have arisen, or that may arise, from the application of SFAS No. 157. Therefore, the Company
has adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 157 with respect to its financial assets and liabilities
only. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and enhances disclosures
about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined under SFAS No. 157 as the exchange price that
would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or
most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market
participants on the measurement date. The Company also adopted FSP No. 157-3, Determining the Fair
Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active. FSP No. 157-3 clarifies
the application of SFAS No. 157, in a market that is not active and provides an example to
illustrate key considerations in determining the fair value of a financial asset when the market
for that financial asset is not active. This FSP applies to financial assets within the scope of
accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements in accordance with SFAS
No. 157, as required,
except as it applies to those nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities as noted in FSP No.
157-2. During the year ended December 31, 2008, the adoption of SFAS No. 157 did not have an impact
on the Companys consolidated financial statements.
F-17
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 10. Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued)
In December 2007, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110 (SAB 110). SAB 110 amends and
replaces Question 6 of Section D.2 of Topic 14, Share-Based Payment, of the Staff Accounting
Bulletin series. Question 6 of Section D.2 of Topic 14 expresses the views of the staff regarding
the use of the simplified method in developing an estimate of the expected term of plain
vanilla share options and allows usage of the simplified method for share option grants prior to
December 31, 2007. SAB 110 allows public companies which do not have historically sufficient
experience to provide a reasonable estimate to continue to use the simplified method for
estimating the expected term of plain vanilla share option grants after December 31, 2007. The
Company adopted SAB 110 on January 1, 2008. The Company is continuing to use the simplified
method until it has enough historical experience to provide a reasonable estimate of expected term
in accordance with SAB 110.
In December 2007, the FASB ratified EITF No. 07-1, Accounting for Collaborative Agreements (EITF
No. 07-1). EITF No. 07-1 provides guidance regarding financial statement presentation and
disclosure of collaborative arrangements, as defined, which includes arrangements the Company may
enter into regarding development and commercialization of products. EITF No. 07-1 is effective for
the Company as of January 1, 2009. The Company does not believe the adoption of this statement will
have a material effect on its consolidated results of operations, financial position or liquidity.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial
Statements (SFAS No. 160), which will require noncontrolling interests (previously referred to as
minority interests) to be treated as a separate component of equity, not as a liability or other
item outside of permanent equity. SFAS No. 160 applies to the accounting for noncontrolling
interests and transactions with non-controlling interest holders in consolidated financial
statements. SFAS No. 160 will be applied prospectively to all noncontrolling interests, including
any that arose before the effective date except that comparative period information must be recast
to classify noncontrolling interests in equity, attribute net income and other comprehensive income
to noncontrolling interests, and provide other disclosures required by SFAS No. 160. SFAS No. 160
is effective for periods beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Since the Company currently does
not have any noncontrolling interest, the adoption of SFAS No. 160 is not expected to have a
material impact on the Companys consolidated results of operations, financial position or
liquidity.
Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including the EITF) and the American
Institute of Certified Public Accountants did not or are not believed by management to have a
material impact on the Companys present or future consolidated financial statements.
Note 11. Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments
The Company leases its office facilities under a noncancelable operating lease, which expires in
August 2009. For fiscal year 2009, the Companys lease commitment is approximately $71,000. Rent
expense for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and the period from Inception through December
31, 2008, was $71,237, $29,478 and $100,715, respectively.
Indemnities and Guarantees
In addition to the indemnification provisions contained in the Companys charter documents, the
Company will generally enter into separate indemnification agreements
with the Companys directors
and officers. These agreements require the Company, among other things, to indemnify the director
or officer against specified expenses and liabilities, such as attorneys fees, judgments, fines
and settlements, paid by the individual in connection with any action, suit or proceeding arising
out of the individuals status or service as the Companys director or officer, other than
liabilities arising from willful misconduct or conduct that is knowingly fraudulent or deliberately
dishonest, and to advance expenses incurred by the individual in connection with any proceeding
against the individual with respect to which the individual may be entitled to indemnification by
the Company. These guarantees and indemnities do not provide for any limitation of the maximum
potential future payments the Company could be obligated to make. Historically, the
Company has not been obligated nor incurred any payments for these obligations and, therefore, no
liabilities have been recorded for these indemnities and guarantees in the accompanying
consolidated balance sheets.
F-18
TRANSDEL PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 11. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)
Cato Research Ltd. Agreement
In accordance with the Master Services Agreement, dated April 10, 2007, between the Company and
Cato Research Ltd., a contract research and development organization (Cato), the Company entered
into a clinical trial services agreement with Cato on June 10, 2008 (Agreement). Under the
Agreement, Cato will serve as the Companys strategic partner and contract research organization in
conducting the Companys Phase 3 clinical program for Ketotransdel®, the Companys novel topical
cream based non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for pain. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company
will make payments to Cato upon its completion of certain specified milestones. If all milestones
under the Agreement are completed and the estimated pass-through costs are incurred, the Companys
total costs under the Agreement are estimated at $3.3 million. In addition, any changes to budget
parameters identified in the Agreement may result in additional costs to the Company. There can be
no assurance that Cato will complete its performance under the Agreement, and to the extent that
such performance is completed that the clinical trial results for Ketotransdel® will be
satisfactory.
Cosmetic Products Consulting Agreement
On August 25, 2008, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with a firm to provide product
and business development services for specific cosmetic/cosmeceutical products that would be
developed by the Company. To the extent a specific cosmetic/cosmeceutical product, applicable to
the consulting agreement, is successfully developed and a separate agreement is entered into
between the Company and a third party for (including but not limited to) the out-license or
distribution of a product, the firm will receive a percentage of the operating profits from the
third party agreement as agreed upon in the consulting agreement.
Note 12. Related Party Transaction
Mediation Settlement
In February 2007, prior to the Merger, the Companys Board of Directors approved a payment of 12.5% of any proceeds the
Company may receive from an action the Company had initiated against a prior law firm, not to
exceed $100,000, to be paid each to Drs. Singh and Abrams for their monetary contributions and
uncompensated time commitment over a period of approximately four years related to pursuing this
matter and other amounts paid on our behalf. On February 5, 2008, as a result of mediation, we
reached a settlement agreement with the law firm. Although the law firm did not admit to any
liability or wrongdoing, they desired to resolve the dispute and therefore, agreed to pay us
$750,000. In exchange for the settlement, the law firm, any other parties involved in the
mediation and us released and waived any future claims against each other, whether known or unknown
at the time of the settlement. In accordance with our February 2007 board approved payments, $93,750 was
paid to Global Strategic Medical Consulting Inc. of which the sole shareholder of this entity is
our Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Juliet Singh, and $93,750 was paid to The Abrams Family Trust of
which our director, Jeffrey Abrams, M.D., is the trustee, from our settlement with the law
firm.
F-19
exv31w1
Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION
I, Juliet Singh, Chief Executive Officer of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., certify that:
1. |
|
I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 for Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; |
|
2. |
|
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of circumstances under
which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the
period covered by this report; |
|
3. |
|
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial
information included in this report, fairly present in all material
respects the financial condition, results of operations, and cash
flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this
report. |
|
4. |
|
The registrants other certifying officer and I are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal
control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules
13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
|
a) |
|
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such
disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our
supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the
registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to
us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in
which this report is being prepared; |
|
|
b) |
|
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused
such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under
our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America; |
|
|
c) |
|
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls
and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end
of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
|
|
d) |
|
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrants internal
control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrants
most recent fiscal quarter (the registrants fourth fiscal quarter in
the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is
reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants internal
control over financial reporting; and |
5. |
|
The registrants other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based
on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial
reporting, to the registrants auditors and the audit committee of the
registrants board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent
functions): |
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(a) |
|
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or
operation of internal control over financial reporting which are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrants ability to
record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
|
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(b) |
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Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other
employees who have a significant role in the registrants internal
control over financial reporting. |
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Date: March 26, 2009 |
By: |
/s/ Juliet Singh
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Juliet Singh |
|
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Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer) |
|
exv31w2
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION
I, John T. Lomoro, Chief Financial Officer of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., certify that:
1. |
|
I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 for Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; |
|
2. |
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Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of circumstances under
which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the
period covered by this report; |
|
3. |
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Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial
information included in this report, fairly present in all material
respects the financial condition, results of operations, and cash
flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this
report. |
|
4. |
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The registrants other certifying officer and I are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal
control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a
- 15(f) and 15d -15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
|
a) |
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Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such
disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our
supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the
registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to
us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in
which this report is being prepared; |
|
|
b) |
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Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused
such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under
our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial
statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America; |
|
|
c) |
|
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls
and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end
of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and |
|
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d) |
|
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrants internal
control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrants
most recent fiscal quarter (the registrants fourth fiscal quarter in
the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is
reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants internal
control over financial reporting; and |
5. |
|
The registrants other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based
on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial
reporting, to the registrants auditors and the audit committee of the
registrants board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent
functions): |
|
(a) |
|
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or
operation of internal control over financial reporting which are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrants ability to
record, process, summarize and report financial information; and |
|
|
(b) |
|
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other
employees who have a significant role in the registrants internal
control over financial reporting. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Date: March 26, 2009 |
By : /s/ John T. Lomoro
|
|
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John T. Lomoro |
|
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Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
|
exv32
Exhibit 32
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Juliet Singh, Chief Executive Officer of Transdel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the Company) and John T.
Lomoro, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each certify under the standards set forth and
solely for the purposes of 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002, that, to their knowledge:
|
(1) |
|
The Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2008 (the Report) fully complies with the
requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934 as amended; and |
|
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(2) |
|
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all
material respects, the financial condition and results of operations
of the Company. |
Dated:
March 26, 2009
|
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/s/ Juliet Singh
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/s/ John T. Lomoro
|
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Juliet Singh, CEO
|
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John T. Lomoro, CFO
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This certification accompanies each Report pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
and shall not, except to the extent required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, be deemed filed by
the Company for purposes of §18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the
Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission
or its staff upon request.